Chang would say that-and he's right!
Certainly, Morris Chang may be viewed as having vested interests to protect with these remarks. Even I believe that.
But that doesnt mean his assertions are wrong. If anyone in the world knows how difficult it is to staff, fit out, and run leading edge fabs, it's him. I'm pretty sure he has hundreds if not thousands of tales he could tell of hard won learning at the school of hard knocks. Stuff rarely mentioned in academia (though perhaps hinted at for awhile in Harvard Business' Ad Prac back in the day). Stuff that is considered 'secret sauce' and will never be described in patents or papers, for example.
Similarly, much can be learned in schools to start a young Engineer on the desired path. And there will be some brilliant minds devising new methods. But the physical details need a lot of hands-on work to get the part right every time and thus robust. This type of expertise is expensive to gain, along any metric one wishes to measure.
From the 60s thru the 00s, American firms have shown they couldn't find the value of these practical lessons, and divested themselves of nearly all the stateside fabs they had. Since then American firms have not stood up new fabs unless there are government funds and government goading to do so. The firms still do not see this value if it's standing by itself.
I predict (again) that American fabs will wither away once the government funds dry up. And the funds will dry up because Congress critters dont have much longer vision than the quarterly-profit driven champions of industry.