Posts by doublelayer

Jeff Bezos supports US tax rise after not paying it for two years – and paying tiny amount in 2019

Re: Political football

And, using that argument, technically you as an individual also pay no tax, because you pass it all onto your employer. It is included in your income. Also, you pay no tax on your investments or property or anything else for which you get a tax bill and pay money if you consider it as ingrained in the cost.

It's not in the cost. It is a separate cost. How a change in taxes is handled depends on the actions of the person or company. If the tax rate goes up, companies may increase prices, decrease expenses, or report less profit. These are all options and are all used. If tax rates don't go up, companies may also increase prices and give the money to somebody else. It's a decision they and not the tax authorities make. It's not correct to assume that any increase in corporate taxes takes the form of price increases.

Re: Political football

Yes, in the pursuit of maximum utility for you and nobody else, the optimal tax rate is 0%. That applies to corporate taxes and personal taxes. Which is just fine if you live in a world where you never need governments to provide services. However, economic theory doesn't agree what the best rates are when you do need those things and, as it's a subjective thing, may never be able to do so. In fact, as economic theory goes, there's not much difference between a corporation and an individual. It's best not to say that economic theory thinks X is a certainty because A) it isn't one person and frequently some economists think X and some think Y, and B) there are lots of questions that economic theory says it either doesn't or can't address.

IBM creates a COBOL compiler – for Linux on x86

Re: COBOL

"The great "feature" of COBOL is that you virtually never need to provide independent documentation of the code functions - it's so totally readable."

Has this ever been true? About anything? I doubt it.

No matter how nice the language looks, someone can find a way to make it unreadable. The easiest way that I've found is to split every function across multiple files, ideally containing split parts of unrelated functions. If multiple files are not available, just split up all the function parts and disperse them across one big file. If you use easy unclear names, lose single points of truth, always avoid abstracting out functions, always abstract out everything you can do, or write in JavaScript, your code can become unreadable really fast.

Re: COBOL

"The unbeatable feature of COBOL is its support for binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, in which you can represent a billion dollars, or a billion anything, to the nearest cent."

Er... That's pretty easy. That's an integer divided by a constant, and a pretty small constant. What's more complex is storing values to a lot more precision when they're not rational numbers, but we also can do that today too.

Re: Too late....

"with the more "modern" (don't make me laught) programming languages, and the lost appreciation for cpu power and memory being limited ressources. Guess what, when you need to do a lot of these calculations concurrently these things do matter."

Absolutely, but I have to wonder about a few things:

1. The computers you're using to run the old assembly and COBOL probably cost more than cheaper modern computers. Have you calculated the various resource costs of using those modern computers? I can run an inefficient program on a modern computer and have it complete faster and cheaper than running an optimized program on an old computer. I can also produce an optimized program that will be even better on the modern computer.

2. So your calculations are going slowly with some modern language you don't like. Have you tried multiple languages? There aren't a lot of COBOL systems running on modern hardware but there are a ton of C ones and C is also pretty fast. If C doesn't work, there are other low-level languages available which have execution speed as an important factor. If you're comparing assembly to Python, it's not a fair comparison.

3. So you can't write it to run on modern computers, even in C. The assembly that was written decades ago was probably quite well-tuned. Have you considered writing well-tuned assembly again today if you need performance so badly? The people who write compilers know how to do it. Maybe it's not modern developers causing the problem, but comparing two very different approaches: one where people worked hard to speed it up and one where a straw replacement was created quickly and judged even faster.

Imagine your data center backup generator kicks in during power outage ... and catches fire. Well, it happened

Re: Lots of places gets as cold as Texas ...

A battery that runs a car can provide backup power for some things in a house. For the big hospital machines, no. For the server rooms, no. They are unsuitable because those systems need to stay up reliably, which is not assisted by batteries you don't own whose owners can easily move them. Also, you would need a lot of cars to keep a server room running, and they won't last forever.

Battery backup is certainly an option, but it is currently a very expensive option. Even ignoring that fact, the operators would use batteries they own. I don't think there's reason to worry about difficulties obtaining generators. They're common enough that people will keep making them until there is an economical alternative available.

Re: Lots of places gets as cold as Texas ...

Big open spaces are subject to a variety of extreme weather events. You are correct that it gets really hot there, but because it has no shielding from winds, it can turn cold fast. You are implying that this type of weather is completely unexpected in Texas. That's not true. The state receives cold weather and snow with some frequency. Unfortunately for them, they live in a place where you can get very hot and somewhat cold weather in the same place and they have to prepare for that. They could prepare by having generation equipment which could withstand those conditions or they could prepare by importing energy from elsewhere, but they chose to do neither of those things.

Re: Seems that generators are a bit of danger

"I sometimes wonder whether cloud-only is even worth it for anything bigger than SME."

This is not a good example to make that point. The location here is a lot more like what local servers are like than what cloud is like. The large cloud providers operate so many datacenters that they can afford to do lots of expensive things that local or colocated servers don't do for the expense. DR is often one of those things. Large cloud providers also have built-in features for redundancy across datacenters or regions. Meanwhile, a lot of companies will either colocate their servers in a datacenter not unlike the one in this article or will run a facility of their own which isn't much different. This obviously doesn't apply to companies which spend a lot of time and effort on their servers, including really big places or ones with a lot of technical knowledge available, but it does for many others.

Cloud has a lot of downsides. You pay for lots of things you don't have to when running locally, the prices may be higher which you can only figure out by spending time on a boring effort to calculate them, you have another supplier on which you're relying, all that. However, if you're concerned about disasters, it is a lot cheaper to run redundant systems on cloud than to run them yourself unless you have a lot of servers. Now that's not necessarily a reason to go all cloud. You could run redundant systems in colocation datacenters or even run some locally with cloud backup. For a lot of businesses who don't bother with geographic redundancy at the moment, the extra cost of multiple servers to perform one task may not be judged worth it.

Over a decade on, and millions in legal fees, Supreme Court rules for Google over Oracle in Java API legal war

Re: "Code"

"Anyone with even a passing familiarity of Java will tell you the value of a library lies in its interface rather than its implementation,"

Well, I have a familiarity with Java and several other languages, and I don't agree. The value of a library lies in both of those things, biased toward the implementation. A nice set of functions is an asset, but it will not rescue a library which is inefficient. Meanwhile, there are libraries in use which have terrible interfaces because their function is still too important to give up. Work to improve the interfaces of such libraries is greatly appreciated because it connects good interface with good implementation.

"and likewise will tell you there are many ways to write the same interface in functionally-compatible ways. Google didn't have to copy the interface"

If they hadn't copied the lines specifying the function names, they would have rewritten files containing the function names. They could bash the names around so they're technically different, but most of the stuff has to stay the same so the interface is functionally compatible. If they did that instead of copying, Oracle would claim that they did the same thing because the functions are all here and named the same.

Re: "Code"

I don't think that's what I'm doing. The court case has been decided on fair use grounds. In the way I like, but using arguments that aren't the ones I would use. That's not at issue. I'm merely disagreeing with the quote "Google did not implement the code in question based on the published API specifications, they copied the 11k LOC directly.". It's not central to the decisions, but it is central to the argument being made by the original post. I think that statement is incorrect in the extreme, and that statement is what I'm arguing against.

Re: "Code"

"Google did not implement the code in question based on the published API specifications, they copied the 11k LOC directly."

The lines concerned were the API specifications and didn't do anything because they just listed functions. They required separate implementations, which Google wrote without copying. If you compiled those lines of code and tried to do anything with them, you couldn't. Not a single one of them ran. This was just a list of names. You are implying otherwise, but we and you know what they were.

Re: Minions Finally Lose

"Google blatantly copied Java,"

No. Google blatantly copied a list of Java function names. They didn't copy the JVM. They didn't copy the implementations of those functions. They also skipped some of the functions available. The question is whether those names are as protected as all the important code that actually runs is. The answer appears to be no.

Re: What does Microsoft think?

Microsoft filed a brief supporting Google's argument, as did IBM, Mozilla, and a bunch of others. They're probably quite happy today.

Ice Lake, Baby: Intel's 10nm 3rd Gen Xeon Scalable server processors to arrive at last

Re: Redundant marketing BS

"Surwe, as if you would proudly announce a chip that would be less flexible and performant than what was made before. Hurray!"

You might, though. They can sell chips on other benefits. It could be similarly performant as the old one but a lot more energy-efficient. Or as performant per core but capable of more parallelism. Or as performant on standard tasks but with extra acceleration for particular operations. Those are at least possible alternatives, albeit ones that don't often make the headline announcement.

Turns out humans are leading AI systems astray because we can't agree on labeling

Re: I think I see the problem

If that's the case, they're not very good at their job. Most of the economics studies involving meaningless money contradict many other theories. Behavioral economics really likes these. Whether that's because the previous theories were wrong (probably), because people act different when they actually care about incentives (probably) or because the researcher is deliberately messing with the results (probably not), they don't tend to be blatantly confirmatory.

Re: AI in everything is the problem

It's unclear. People like to hold Turing test challenges, and programs in those challenges have been ruled human before. That might not be a great basis to declare the test passed, but it is what the test specifies. It also depends a lot on what we want them to do. The original Turing test didn't include sending images to the other party, therefore not requiring the AIs to see. Also, a program trying to pass the Turing test, because it sends back text, has the ability to say "both" where the programs here which are just identifying things have to pick a single one.

In my opinion, the Turing test is a rough test that is likely to have too much uncertainty to prove intelligence. There were probably a lot of people who liked to talk about it back when it seemed impossible, but now they're pointing out defficiencies in the concept. The only problem is that a lot of people attack anything termed AI without even trying to define what they think AI is, or provide an unrealistic explanation which means something is only AI if it acts entirely human and attained sapience itself without ever being programmed.

I think that approach is too limited.

"So why isn't there an AI program somewhere that can actually label the photograph itself? 'Cos AI isn't AI really, it's what the programmers tell it to do."

Whatever our definition of intelligence ends up being, it's got to do what the programmers tell it to do at a low level otherwise it's no longer artificial. We could probably argue about what intelligence is all day, but if AI is possible at all, it has to be implemented with code and machinery which means its instructions are created by another intelligence.

"As stated above, GIGO and it always will be until a 'machine' is actually cognitive."

Now this doesn't sound fair. GIGO applies to anything. If you take a human child and prime them with a bunch of false data without giving them the ability to learn that you're lying, they'll believe you. If everybody the child meets insists that the tall wood things that grow outside are called squirrels, they will believe that those are squirrels until they meet some other people who correct the misconception. If you're going to define intelligence as "the ability to figure out that everything people tell you is wrong even though you have no other source of information", that's a high bar. Computers don't get to meet random people and learn from them or even experiment with actions to see consequences. In life, we have a lot more input than any of these programs ever have, and yet there are a lot of humans who get incorrect concepts of how the world is.

With automatic translation software, it either just looks at the words and tries to do them literally or it finds an idiom in a big dictionary. When I did some translation, I would always replace them with factual statements. It had less flavor, but at least I knew the reader would understand it without taking the risk that the closest idiom I could come up with was regional. Then again, I was not a professional translator, just a person who spoke multiple languages and hadfriends who didn't.

Re: I think I see the problem

Yes. Mechanical Turk pays the participants so little that they have a lot of data pollution problems. Also, they have the problem that the people doing the work are either bored people who will give up in fifteen minutes or people who really don't have better ways to get money, so you can't expect consistency or strict attention to detail.

It's along the lines of all those studies they do at universities where students are paid to participate in research with an amount of money which could be used in a vending machine in 1995. Especially the economics studies which effectively boil down to "Would you take this action if we cut your meaningless money to even more meaningless money?". I participated in a few research programs while studying, but always because I was bored and didn't mind wasting a few minutes. I did actual work to earn money.

A floppy filled with software worth thousands of francs: Techie can't take it, customs won't keep it. What to do?

Re: re: Welcome to the information age!

The comment referred to customs checking "devices". You find me a way to hide a human in a laptop which can be detected by installing malware on it and I'll concede the point. Otherwise, read the comment you reply to.

Android, iOS beam telemetry to Google, Apple even when you tell them not to – study

Re: Non technical person has a question

Yes, just turning off the phone is probably good enough to drop you off the grid. If you're paranoid, you might not trust that and want to go further and remove the battery. The logging could show that you did that, indicating that you had taken a suspicious step, depending on how much analysis they wanted to perform on your data history.

Most of the time, it's just criminals being stupid. A lot of people who commit basic crimes just don't know very much about the risks they're taking. Some people still get caught with fingerprint evidence even though everybody has known for a century that they are left everywhere and police know how to use them. Given that there are criminals who don't bother to put on some gloves, it's probably not surprising that there are criminals who don't bother to leave the phone at home.

Very little. The OS itself has cut the packages from Google which phone home to them. If you log DNS requests, for example, you'll find there are orders of magnitude fewer while the phone is in standby. Flashing it also wipes out the manufacturer's installations, some of which likely send telemetry as well. The comparison between the two is striking. While there are ways for tracking to persist even after Lineage has been flashed, that's a possible mechanism where you already have several guaranteed ones.

In all cases, it's a significant improvement. Of course, if you flash Lineage OS and then install Google's APKs so apps requiring Google Play Services work, they'll start to collect again. Also, you'll lose some of the Google-provided services. I value that in the pursuit of privacy, but it annoys people sometimes.

Re: Linux phone... here I come...

You mean like the one Pine64 is working on? They've gotten their phone's communications chip to run mainline and a few parts of the system work already. If you're willing to live with the blob on the chip, their device also isolates it so it can't access anything in system memory unless the main system sends it. But as said above, the information the GSM standard gives away is really tiny compared to what the phone manufacturers are getting. Also, the information the GSM standard requires is used to provide a service to me, I understand what it is, and most of it is actually required for the service to work. The data collected by manufacturers doesn't meet any of those requirements.

Re: Can we mess with them?

You could VPN through your home network and get the firewall. There are a few other methods of doing that, but the VPN option is the one with the fewest security risks. I once considered just making my own blocklist a public though unadvertised DNS resolver, but since DNS resolvers can be used to DOS others, I didn't bother. Maybe I should set it up with DoT and DoH now.

Can we mess with them?

"iOS shares additional data: [...] the Wi-Fi MAC addresses of nearby devices, specifically other devices using the same network gateway."

First problem: why in the world are they doing that? That's not helping with any of the device's features. Even if the device was communicating with those devices or detected them so the user can see them, there is no reason Apple has to know about them. There are several good reasons Apple should never know about them.

Second question: what happens if I put an iPhone on a network device which also has a raspberry pi programmed to authenticate with different MAC addresses every ten seconds or so. How much crap can I send through Apple's servers before they discount the data from that iPhone? Time to crank up the random number generator--there are 2^48 addresses I need to cycle through and I don't want them catching me in a pattern until they've gotten most of them.

Re: Find my?

The article specifies that they were looking at collection when there is no account signed in. In order to use the feature that finds a lost device, you need to associate the device with an account and access that account to get the data. By definition, they did not have that feature enabled and it sent data anyway. If the data was only sent when people had requested that service, it would be different.

Re: It's this sense of entitlement that get's me

Basically yes. You don't have to sign in if you want to use it as a phone. You'll get the Apple apps, including browser, can use it as a phone, get OS updates, all that. If you want to install apps though, you'll need to sign in. It could be worse, like Chrome OS, but it is limited without an account.

I've got the power! Or have I? Uninterruptible Phone-disposal Stuffup

Re: I'm sorry, what?

It requires you to scan an identification card before you can put one in, so at least they can identify the thief afterwards. Whether a thief can forge an identification card well enough that the camera accepts it is unknown.

I'm sorry, what?

"an ecoATM, a device designed to take unwanted smartphones and handout payment to customers without the need to trouble a salesperson."

Now I have to look that up.

So, it's a real thing. I would have guessed that distributing thousands of machines which have enough hardware to inspect phones wouldn't be an economical method of entering the used phone market, but apparently they're giving it a go. I wonder what the machine does if you feed it phones that aren't all that common, for example the old phone from a relatively unpopular manufacturer I have in the closet. Then again, I'm also wondering how it will detect various types of hardware issues that aren't easily visible with a camera.

X.Org says it's saving a packet with Packet after migrating freedesktop.org off Google Kubernetes Engine

Re: Are the numbers correct?

You might be correct in this case, but the same applies if you have an existing team and a much higher usage. A company serving a bunch of data may be at a threshold where it's cheaper to have someone do a bit more admin work rather than pay the bandwidth bill. It just has to be calculated before making the final decision, which a lot of finance departments don't bother doing.

Biden's $2tn infrastructure plan includes massive broadband rollout, equates internet access with water and power as essential utilities

Re: Infrastructure

They have been fighting about what speed people need for a long time and likely they won't end now. Given the use of videoconferencing, remote desktop, and multi-user homes all working or studying from home, I would define acceptable speeds as capable of running at least two videochats and one graphical remote session simultaneously. Choose the services you like best and we can measure exactly how much that is. Of course, for a larger family, that's not going to be enough, but that should be a minimum.

Starlink, do you mean? If so, no, it doesn't.

Until they can release a lot more satellites, Starlink can't cover the whole world nor can it provide bandwidth for everybody. It can provide some bandwidth, which is why it's being sold now, but if you put millions of people on it, it wouldn't be functional. Starlink needs satellites in orbit which requires a lot of rocket launches. It also needs a lot of downlink facilities which scale arithmetically with the user count. To be most efficient, those downlink facilities will need to be geographically distributed, which means there will need to be enough cables to serve all the places with such facilities.

In addition, there are problems with satellite which make it unusable in some areas. Areas where a receiver can't be positioned correctly, where that receiver is likely to be damaged by local conditions, or where the receiver will be occluded by clouds, storms, etc are all places where people will prefer the reliability of a cable if they can get it. It's also usually cheaper once it gets built--even with U.S. prices being higher than most other countries, Starlink contracts are quite a bit more so. A Starlink-style system does provide some advantages, but as much as Spacex's advertising copy might claim, it's not a panacea for all network-related problems.

Nominet ignores advice, rejects serious change despite losing CEO, chair, half its board in membership vote

Re: Put your money where your mouth is

Yes. Everybody reading this who owns .uk domains should do this. It's likely another vote is coming and anything we can do to increase the power of those registrars supporting it is going to help. Nominet has already had experience losing one vote and really doesn't want to repeat it, so they're likely to bring out as many methods as they can next time. In fact, if you don't have .uk domains, still move them to someone who supported this vote because they're likely to be better serving your interests if the domains you hold have a similar experience. All my domains are with a supporter. If you would like to see a list of options, consult the publicbenefit.uk home page.

Wi-Fi devices set to become object sensors by 2024 under planned 802.11bf standard

Re: Stalker's dream

I get that the calculations are a lot more than one instruction. Still, it doesn't seem particularly difficult to implement should somebody want it enough. Transferring 75 MB in ten seconds is easy, especially given that most of the towers concerned will have fast cable connections running straight to them. Calculating the location based on that data does require more information, but a few methods can cut down on the effort required. First, some cities or businesses operate connected infrastructure which stays in one place. The server could identify something which, for example, has not moved for a week and treat that as a point of reference for future calculations. If the leaves fall off the trees, then it will have a better connection to tower 3 and the servers can factor that into their calculations. Second, devices can be correlated with one another. If lots of devices go in relatively straight lines, then it's probably a street. The assumptions can be factored in as well. If you're worried about I/O getting the data to the server, the towers themselves can do some of the calculation so the data gets compressed before sending it to the main servers for more extensive calculations.

Now your main point, that this is inefficient for the goal, I completely agree. Doing this would be ridiculous when we have lots of ways to get traffic information. However, that doesn't make doing it at all impossible. If someone wanted it for their own reasons and chose to sell the data, they could.

Re: Stalker's dream

"you have to make 6 million calculations a minute on 18 million datapoints. Just to get the 'raw' location data."

Sorry, but this doesn't sound as difficult as I think you meant it to. My desktop can process millions of operations per second. A server can do it even faster by throwing more cores at the problem, because it's completely parallelizable. The only tricky part is getting the large databases into the processing system, but since they have high-speed connections to send user data, it's not that difficult to do that either. Existing software is available to take that raw location data and display it on a map, and I'm sure there are companies willing to build a system to analyze that kind of raw intelligence.

Amazon’s critical Alabama warehouse workers union vote has started … and may be some time

Re: Sealed Ballot Boxes

I doubt it. The article points out the probable reason for the demand: to complain and hold up anything if they can find a mistake. Someone unsealed the box to count but there weren't three people logged in to check, so it will be embroiled in lawsuits for two years. It's basically the same reason that the organizer of the Nominet vote wouldn't make a speech during the meeting, because he figured they would lock him out so he couldn't vote. When you can't trust the other side, it's good not to give them ammunition to obstruct the process.

And that's yet another UK education body under attack from ransomware: Servers, email, phones yanked offline

I don't know about this situation. That is true. However, I do know about a lot of other situations where ransomware has struck in the past. A lot of those which had problems were due to configuration problems. People got hit with ransomware and you don't know about it because they limited the spread and recovered quickly. The ones who get articles here usually had more trouble, either a more pervasive spread, difficulty recovering from insufficient backups, or both. Therefore, if an organization is having a lot of trouble because of a ransomware situation, I view it as more likely they didn't take a backup step than they were hit with a very sophisticated ransomware variant.

Any network will get malware on it eventually. Some networks get malware on them a lot more often than others. These things are not contradictory.

Any system will lose data permanently eventually. Some systems have no backups and therefore will lose data permanently more often and in a more damaging manner. These things are not contradictory.

The most sophisticated attack will eventually get access through a very good security system. A good enough security system will block less sophisticated attacks. These things are not contradictory.

Some of this is about doing the job well. Ransomware can be prevented more often by employing security measures that make it harder to install. While it can't be prevented in all cases, the risk can be reduced. If ransomware does strike, it will be debilitating, but if there are good backups, it will lessen the cost of fixing things. A sophisticated attacker may manage to infect the backups too, but it's possible to avoid that. Therefore, it is justifiable to say that a place with local admin rights for everybody and no backup system has failed to do its job related to security. We're not being sanctimonious any more than you would be if you told me not to leave the keys to my car in the car and then walk away. It's a precaution they have to take and they didn't. This doesn't apply to everybody, but you'll find it applies to a lot of them.

Intel accused of wiretapping because it uses analytics to track keystrokes, mouse movements on its website

Re: Well...

The law is clear. Parties which can record when one-party consent is permitted are those parties known to be on the call. I initiate the call and am one of them. The recipient of the call receives the call and is known to me, therefore they are also one of them. Another person is listening in and I didn't know they were there and I didn't consent to their collection. That's illegal. If they sold their software to Intel, only Intel runs it, and the data is only stored on Intel equipment, then that's not a violation. If any of my data goes to the operators of the library, they are violating it with Intel's collaboration.

Even if Intel runs it all locally, they are violating legislation in states requiring two-party consent (this does mean all-party consent) and privacy legislation in the mold of GDPR, including the CCPA.

Re: Well...

"In some jurisdictions, recording ("wiretapping") can be legally done with only one party's consent"

Yes, but not with a third party. In such jurisdictions, if I call you, I can record our conversation. However, if I call you and a third person not on the call records it, even if you know that, it is not legal. Also, California doesn't allow this. Florida does, but that proviso applies there.

Satellites, space debris may have already brightened night skies 10% globally – and it's going to get worse

Re: Blankety Blank

Why? You can choose to open in a new tab if you want to. You can even make that default. Why should a link to a different page on the same site open a new tab by default? That just leads to ten tabs including eight zombies which I'll have to close later. The browsers give you an easy way to ask for that if you want it.

Apple expands third-party repairer program, mostly in Asia

Re: A growing “right to repair” movement

"I'd also argue that it's not a cartel if anyone can apply to join. Sure, they have to meet a minimum standard - but surely that's a good thing?"

Cartels aren't limited in entry criteria. This is a cartel:

"1. (economics) A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market."

OPEC, for example, is a cartel. Yet they're happy to let people in. If you run a country which produces petroleum and you're willing to restrict production to manipulate the price along with the other members, OPEC will welcome you with open arms. It's not about how you get into the group. It's about what the group does.

In this case, Apple is making it such that any company needs to meet their standards to work on any Apple product and therefore deny the right for people who haven't had that certification to do so at all. They will have all the repairers in their corner, and since the repairers must purchase all their plans and parts from Apple, Apple will control the market. Apple sets the price. Apple sets the supply. Apple says what is going to be allowed and what isn't. Apple also controls the supply of repairers if they want to. That's a cartel, albeit one where Apple has nearly all the power.

As for whether that's a good thing, I'd argue not. For the moment, people who advocate the right to repair have a reasonably good argument. "Apple won't repair our stuff and they also won't let us do it. We should fix that by making them allow us access to the necessary parts." Apple, by letting people open restricted repair shops, is cutting off this argument without fixing the problem. If their repair shops exist and theoretically could fix a product, then there must be options and thus no need for access. However, Apple's control over the repair shops can make it so repairs aren't available or economical. Break a screen? Pay 90% of the original price for a replacement. Break a button? Sorry, that's not available so you'll have to buy a replacement. Meanwhile, they're attacking anyone who attempts to go around them. People who make replacement parts or people who recycle broken phones for those parts which work are being attacked by Apple, both with lawsuits and increased software locks to make sure the parts don't work.

5-year-old Fairphone 2 is about to receive a major update to Android 9

Who's heard this before?

"In December, Qualcomm and Google teamed up to re-architect how Android versions are made, aiming to increase the number of OS versions a device will receive. These changes, which apply to devices released with Android 11 and the Snapdragon 888 or newer, will conceivably allow vendors to provide three major software upgrades."

How many times has Google re-architected Android in order to make it easier to update? Or easier to install the newest version on something? I've heard this over and over and over. Android 2.2 was supposed to help with this. It was one of the selling points of Android 4.1. It was announced with fanfair sometime around the release of Android 7. And it was announced with triumph that Android 8.1 would finally achieve it. They're just lying, aren't they? Either the manufacturer tries or they don't, and the architecture means it's trivially easy for chipset designers not to hand the solution over to a manufacturer which in turn decides not to do the work themselves. Google clearly doesn't care.

Re: Who still uses a 5 year old "smartphone"

Well, me for one. My main phone is from 2016. Why? Because the newer phones provide only a few benefits. They're larger. That's a downside for me. They have more cameras. Given that I use the camera maybe four times a year to demonstrate something, that's not very important. They have 5G. If I was using my data connection outside WiFi range a lot, this would... probably not make a difference because 5G coverage is still limited. As it is, I don't use the data connection very often and 4G has been just fine for it. They have faster CPUs, which I wouldn't mind, but I don't do heavy lifting with my phone's CPU so its speed is relatively unimportant to me. I have nothing that I want from a new phone, and by not spending money on a new phone, I can have the ability to buy something else which will be more useful.

Now that half of Nominet's board has been ejected, what happens next? Let us walk you through the possibilities

Re: GoDaddy, but that will be changed at the next opportunity.

"I'm still waiting for an answer to that question from Fasthosts"

Based on the publicbenefit.uk site, they're a subsidiary of 1&1 which voted against. I'd say that's enough to go on.

Free Software Foundation urged to free itself of Richard Stallman by hundreds of developers and techies

Re: "Punishments" vs "consequences"

Yes, it is. Your threat of punching is a crime though. Your actual punching is another crime too. You have the freedom to tell your boss or client that you hate them and think it would be best if they were locked up just for annoying you, but if you do, they will not be your boss or client much longer. This is a deliberate decision on their part. On that basis, you may call it a "punishment". Too bad. It's a punishment that they have the right to give to you.

Re: Oh how the woke wimper

Freedom of speech means the government can't be the one giving you consequences. This seems to be required teaching about once a month, so let's do it a few more times. North Korea does not have it because, if you say the wrong thing, the government comes to arrest you. If I don't like what you said and tell you never to come to my house again, that's not a violation of your freedom of speech. If I don't like what you said and make it so you can't post on my site again, that's not a violation of your freedom of speech. If I don't like what you said and say something to you that you don't like, that's not a violation of your freedom of speech. If I don't like something you said and refuse to associate with you ever again, that's not a violation of your freedom of speech. If I don't like something you said and I tell other people that you said it, and they also don't like what you said, that is not a violation of your freedom of speech. As long as the government doesn't come to arrest you or otherwise affect your rights, your freedom of speech has not been violated.

Guilty: Sister and brother who over-ordered hundreds of MacBooks for university and sold the kit for millions

Re: "Gentlemen do not read each other's mail."

Police surveillance is bad ... when the police don't have a warrant. This was a situation where they almost certainly had one. They accessed a specific person's records because they had probable cause to suspect that person of committing a crime. That's clear and justified use. Also, this line:

"I feel a bit sorry for them. Victimless crime an' all that..."

That's stupid. It's not a victimless crime. The employer who spent extra money is out millions of dollars from their crime. That's a victim. It's a university, meaning most of their money comes from student tuition payments and grants. Those payments probably went up to handle their increased budget. That's more victims. These aren't even secondary victims who lost a potential benefit. They lost money directly. You need to learn that.

Re: Why is the second part of:

It's not PayPal's job to validate each transaction to determine whether the sale is valid or not. They just move the money. As long as they do the checking to determine that it's not money laundering, they're in the clear. How should they know if the laptops are stolen or not? In fact, they won't even know the exchanged items are laptops.

Outsourced techie gets 2-year sentence after trashing system of former client: 1,200 Office 365 accounts zapped

Re: Thank god I work for a company that makes something

Er... there's a lot of useful work that's done that way. Your company makes something, right? I'm guessing you build that thing? There are people who receive emails from people buying the thing. Those wouldn't be available. There are more people who receive emails for contracts for the components. They're cut off too. Lawyers review your thing for compliance with regulations. This is useful work which requires communication, and your company needs them too.