Re: Software updates
Nokia benefitted from being leader in both network and handset. They didn't need to update the handset software as they knew it would work as they had tested it in house against the incumbent network vendor, themselves.
Lesser handset manufacturers were faced with having to pay mobile networks to patch their networks whenever they had screwed up, as it was near impossible to rollout patches to handsets.
For me, the irony was Nokia laid off most of Nokia Networks (including me) in 1999 to focus on the profitable handsets side. To then have to pivot back to networks after the handsets side shrivelled away.