Re: Apollo 13 oxygen tank failure
Here's a case study in to the failure, which is quite an interesting read and rather shorter than the full blown NASA report.
My attempt at a summary of the case study:
They had originally put this tank in Apollo 10, but then took it out again. In doing so they did the classic engineering error of talking all but one of the bolts out before trying to take the shelf out with the tanks on.
The lifting equipment (rather than the bolt) broke and everything got rather shaken up.
Then they retested everything and tank 2 didn't want to empty its oxygen out.
So, they encouraged it with the heaters (which is what they are for).
However they used the 65V Ground Control Equipment supply instead of a 28V one (the supply to the heaters on the Apollo were 28V).
The thermostats in the tank didn't enjoy being run at the higher voltage and failed closed circuit, so the heater didn't turn off as it should have done at 80degF (27degC) and could have made it up to 1000degF (540degC).
After that it was all rather FUBAR.