Re: Transaction fees
According to my (admittedly vague) understanding, transaction fees are paid to miners, and higher transaction fees get processed faster than lower ones. Transactors are responsible for setting the transaction fees. This allows a competitive marketplace to drive the current transaction fee lower if ample miners are operating or set it higher to get a quicker response if needed. This seems to me quite ingenious.
I derived this understanding from the statement on my first Bitcoin wallet (from bitcoin-Qt) that asked me to set what I wanted my transaction fee to be. In the Settings field, I find "Optional transaction fee per kB that helps you make sure your transactions are processed quickly. Most transactions are 1kB. Fee 0.01 recommended." Then, there is a field that I can set that says "Pay transaction fee [0.00000000]" -- the field allows 1 satoshi transaction fee. Up-down arrows controlling that field increment/decrement in 0.001B amounts. I can, however, set it lower or higher if I choose.
As I have not yet actually "spent" any Bitcoins, I have not had to decide the transaction fee I am willing to pay, and have not yet really inquired of the Bitcoin community if my understanding is correct. It truly appeals to me, though, to have transaction fees set by market supply/demand (of transaction validation) rather than a rather arbitrary 0.025%. I am currently paying a much lower percentage for each of my Dwolla transactions, so .025% looks high - particularly in view of my initial BItcoin wallet recommendation (assuming the .01 in the wallet quote means .01% - this is a bit ambiguous).