Worst of 2 evils
In the UK there is a complete lack of controls or enforcement of communications.
The supine telecomms regulatoriis in thrall to the telecomms industry. VOIP has been coming for over 20 years and have just tested fall back for disadvaged groups, a year after BT was supposed to phase out all landlines.
The no way of reporting attempted frauds, only actual frauds after the horse has bolted. Action fraud is only interested in gathering staticists NOT reduceing the scams and frauds.
Oftcom will wait until hundreds of thousands or millions of offences have happened before getting off the fat arses to prosecute perpetrators.
If there was a iota of interest the authorities COULD enagage and stop and discourage the bad guys but they have not got any clue about the miserly these calls are making.