Recap of moon return mission
Apollo was a fantastic technical achievement and all involved are heroes as far as I am concerned. It proved that it is possible to go to the moon and come back. They couldn't stay more than a few days, but by jingoes they did it
1. If you want to go to the moon to do science, stay there for months at a time, learn how to live in reduced gravity and cope with extremes of temperature etc, you will need a moon base of some kind.
2. A moon base, according to various studies will have a mass of at minimum 150 tonnes (much more if you are trying out manufacturing or mining). For comparison, ISS is about 450 tonnes.
3. Landing a 150 tonne moon base Apollo-style from a single launch will require a rocket of enormous proportions, in the order of 20,000 tonnes ( 10 times the mass of Space shuttle, 7 times the mass of Saturn 5 ) and will need a rocket launch pad of correspondingly enormous scale.
Nobody is building such a monster.
The alternative is to launch many (at least in the order of dozens) smaller (approximately Saturn 5 sized) rockets and either assemble a huge moon lander in earth orbit or assemble the base on the lunar surface.
If you are launching dozens, scores or perhaps hundreds of rockets, they need to be cheap, reusable or both.
Transferring cryogenic propellants from one craft to another in zero-g is difficult new technology that needs to be developed
Storing cryogenic propellants in space without them boiling away before use is difficult new technology that needs to be developed.