In-house
When I was a Civil Servant, many many moons ago, all IT was in-house and IT projects were robustly planned and delivered.....and then some bright spark thought it would be a good idea to outsource vast swathes of core IT Services to the likes of EDS, Fujitsu and, these days, CSC.
Governmental IT has been nothing but a disaster since, as all of the staff who knew what they were doing no longer reported to their bosses in the civil service, where their pay rise depended on annual reporting and performance, but were now external consultants reporting to a new set of commercial bosses who had determined that their job description, irrespective of what they were actually doing, was now "How Much Money can you make our company today".
Until this changes, Governmental IT will either not deliver or will deliver at such an inflated cost that there was no point in conducting the project in the first place.....and if you don't believe me...just ask a CSC bod about the WAF process....if it wasn't taxpayers money being spunked away I'd laugh.
Paris. Coz even she could have seen the problem