No, actually not. Whats new is that the data processing is happening close to the source where the data is collected, and acted upon locally by the application, rather than all data being sent back for processing to a centralized, environmentally-controlled data center which could be a long way away (requires bandwidth and injects latency). An edge device can be located on lamppost, in the middle of a highway, on a factory floor, can be off-grid and use solar or wind power and has different security requirements due to its exposed location. As far as I know, that not the way we have been doing it for the last half century..but it still has a CPU and is a computer, if that's what you mean.