Re: Theory and Reality
Clearly rhetorical question answered: the person who used the gun. Exactly the same as any other murder weapon.
Framing the AI question similarly: the person who chose to entrust [a particular] AI with a life-critical decision. The AI is just a tool, speaking purely personally I'd like to some _real_ intelligence before we move on to artificial.
Back in the real world, it's usually not so simple - in my experience, you often see organisations forming a "cultural identity" which is essentially a shared-belief-system. This can help promote workforce unity, but can have ugly consequences when a "freak wave event" of shared identity ("tribalism"), social pressure and external pressures are combined with dubiously ethical directives from "The Boss". Haven't personally experienced the phenomenon to this level of importance, but have seen the general sequence of events a couple of times.