I can see the future
In 2022 you will see people wearing well-crafted images on their t-shirts that have the effect of causing any autonomous vehicle to halt.
Of course Toyota (other manufacturers are available) will then update their firmware.
And then someone will come up with a new image. (The image will be subject to 1st amendment rights - you cannot stop this)
new t-shirts will be produced.
Rinse.
Repeat.