A country could easily become quite powerful by just making it appear that they are building massive numbers of nuclear missiles while only building one a decade, testing it, and then keep claiming that you have many more.
"The Mouse That Roared". Similarly numerous decoy operations such as moving (a small number of) troops eastwards by day, visible to the enemy, then back west by night, or putting up large numbers of dummy planes and vehicles, made of wood and canvas, in fields where enemy reconnaissance may spot them, are almost as old as warfare itself. See also "Crafty tricks of war", hosted by Dick "Scrapheap Challenge" Strawbridge.