Re: checklist
I broadly get your point but it's not as simple. Turkish, for instance, has the upper case version of "i" as "İ" - that's "Upper case dotted i", or U+0130.
To be fair this is the only example I can think of off the top of my head, but there might be others. You might roll your eyes at this (thank you, I'm here all week) but if you want case insensitivity in filenames, you have to specify the locale too.