Managers who are too chickensh*t to lay down the law with lazy application owners. There is plenty of money in this organisation, but no will.
We have no 16-bit LOB apps, we have a handful of dumb ASP apps that could easily be re-written, and the rest are COTS products that could and should be upgraded. It's not like we haven't been sounding increasingly-strident warning bells over the last year.