Re: "A little eBay shopping and you can find 128GB Micro SD cards for under a tenner"
CF is IDE (PATA). It's actually pretty slow by modern standards!
There are other parallel-interface flash chips, but they are rarely used these days.
See iFixit for details - the chip name even starts "SD"!
Looks like a SanDisk iNAND family chip, which has an eSD interface. I leave it to the reader to figure out what the "e" stands for!
Almost every Arm device with decent amounts of Flash uses an SD interface. The silicon is cheap, fast, reliable and well documented.