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back to article Locked, stocked, and losing budget: AI vendor lock-in bites back

OPINION The days when you could jump from one frontier AI model to another at the drop of a hat are going away as vendor lock-in starts to kick in, and prices increase. Once upon a time, say last month, people thought nothing of jumping from one AI frontier model to another. One week, the hottest AI model was Gemini 3.1 Pro, …

  1. gv

    Any software

    This is a great article and the points made apply to any significant deployment of a proprietary product (ERP, HCM, et al.).

    "It is context, workflows, and institutional memory" oh yes!

    1. ComputerSays_noAbsolutelyNo Silver badge

      Re: Any software

      This.

      I immideately thought of "SAP 2.0". Once you're in, you're in.

      Migrating away? No way!

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Any software

        CEO: "Alexa, form my strategic plan for the 2027 fiscal year."

  2. Doctor Syntax Silver badge

    It's not so much the boat coming in, it's the chickens coming home to roost.

    I do love a mixed metaphor.

    1. Neil Barnes Silver badge
      Coat

      Boat comes in, chickens roost on top of boat, top-heavy boat rolls over, everybody drowns... oh the embarrassment!

    2. Brewster's Angle Grinder Silver badge

      So is it a ferry carrying lorries full of chickens?

      1. MachDiamond Silver badge

        "So is it a ferry carrying lorries full of chickens?"

        Yrrch, what's that smell?

    3. vtcodger Silver badge

      Chickens

      The chickens coming home to roost? More like the chickens you thought you had neatly penned up have somehow turned rouge. They don't lay eggs. They attack anyone who comes near them. And they seem possibly to be constructing some sort of weapon in the back corner of the henhouse.

      1. BBRush

        Re: Chickens

        Turned rouge? Damn commie chickens and their redness.

        You'd never have this problem with rogue chickens, or guerilla chickens. Or probably chicken gorillas

        1. snowpages
          Thumb Up

          Re: Chickens

          mmmmmm grilled chicken...

          1. ecofeco Silver badge
            Coat

            Re: Chickens

            Gorilla'd chicken? --------------------->>>>>>>>>>

          2. MachDiamond Silver badge

            Re: Chickens

            "mmmmmm grilled chicken..."

            In a pie with a mushroom, garlic cream sauce.

    4. Smartypantz

      Crickets

      Read that as "Crickets! ... coming home to roost" ... hat-trick :-D

      1. MachDiamond Silver badge

        Re: Crickets

        "Read that as "Crickets!"

        In that case, pan frying with a soy-ginger glaze. I wouldn't have tried them, but the saki had been flowing for a while. Turns out they taste like soy-ginger crispy things.

  3. EricM Silver badge

    The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

    Employees in companies that aggressively deployed AI over the last 2 years already have already ceded many of their former capabilities over to AI. Lost knowledge and forgotten experience will be expensive to re-learn and re-train.

    The drug dealers giving away drugs for (nearly) free now have at least some victims firmly on the hook.

    It would be pretty ironic, if exactly those companies, that were told for years now to be "too late" to adopt AI, now emerge as the ones that avoid becoming a victim of predatory AI pricing strategies and will enjoy major cost and quality advantages in the future...

    1. Roland6 Silver badge

      Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

      >” The drug dealers giving away drugs for (nearly) free”

      I wonder how many drug dealers have been doing as suggested by the TV ads and using Copliot with their sales strategy…

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

        Bring back the $1 hit at Hank’s Drugs?!

        “Co-Pilot will manage the spreadsheets, Hank can manage the product”.

    2. ecofeco Silver badge
      Meh

      Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

      American corporations have this very odd business philosophy of discouraging repeat customers, and putting its current customers out of business.

      I don't get it, but then I'm not some nepo-fail-baby-trustafarian with the right connections. I'm just another plebe/NPC, so what do I know?

      1. MachDiamond Silver badge

        Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

        "and putting its current customers out of business."

        Mmmmmm, if you have a business that's heavily reliant on a sole-source outside supplier that's way bigger than you are, do you really have a business?

        The county where I live was using free API's and satellite imagery from Google until Goober decided to charge the moon with very little notice. Now the county has to completely rethink how they can supply GIS services as they can't afford to pay. It was great while it lasted. I could put in a parcel number and get a satellite view with the lot lines overlaid and be able to go out and get images of the land with the drone for clients. It's much more office work now to do the same thing with a bit less accuracy. Fortunately, I don't need cm precision. For me, having the data easy to get was a convenience and let me charge customers less. Now I've raised my rates to provide a similar service. I've seen other companies use a free or low cost service and find themselves with no viable business when things change.

        Better to be as vertically integrated as possible and anything that needs to be outsourced available from multiple vendors.

    3. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

      The same mistake as

      - Systems Integrators

      - Web Hosters

      - Outsourcing Partners

      - Offshoring Providers

      - Cloud Providers

      - SaaS Partners

      You are losing control of your domain knowledge, workflows etc.

      They never learn. Perhaps starting AI in the Boardroom will make for better decision making, better risk taking … and best off they don’t need inflated salaries, pension contributions and fucking stock option grants and bonuses. ….

      1. Pete Sdev Silver badge
        Devil

        Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

        Ha, I'm now tempted to buy a couple of shares in various companies and at their next AGMs submit proposals that the board is replaced by AI, thus increasing shareholder value... :-D

    4. T. F. M. Reader Silver badge
      Coat

      Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

      The drug dealers giving away drugs for (nearly) free now have at least some victims firmly on the hook.

      I have been wondering for a while now what those victims were smoking...

      1. MachDiamond Silver badge

        Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

        "I have been wondering for a while now what those victims were smoking..."

        Oregano?

    5. LBJsPNS Silver badge

      Re: The damage done to early adopters will be hard to repair

      The only drug pushers who have ever given out drugs for free are the tobacco companies.

  4. vtcodger Silver badge

    "most senior executives are completely clueless about what AI is and how to deploy it."

    Indeed. A modest problem with both Capitalism and Socialism that Marx failed to mention. When your leaders are lost and confused one has a bit of a problem. Especially when, as often seems to be the case, they are not aware that they are lost and confused.

    1. Albert Coates Bronze badge

      Leon Trotsky had the answer to confused leaders: the machine gun, Marx was a wuss.

      1. joeldillon

        Marx wasn't in a position to machine-gun people, though (well except on a personal basis), he wasn't running a state.

      2. Paul Crawford Silver badge

        Uncle Joe had the answer to Leon Trotsky which involved an ice axe...

        1. Excused Boots Silver badge
          Coat

          Which made his ears burn....

          Apparently!

          1. Paul Crawford Silver badge

            What ever happened?

    2. MrAptronym

      Capitalism and socialism (and communism) are economic models and not do not necessarily imply a model of leadership.

  5. Dan 55 Silver badge
    Facepalm

    As AI consultant Haroon Choudery pointed out

    "Switching model vendors is no longer just an API migration. It is context, workflows, and institutional memory."

    And he wrote his reply using a chatbot. "Blah is not just blah. It's blah." is as tell-tale a sign of a chatbot reply as an em-dash. Has he no shame?

    1. doublelayer Silver badge

      Re: As AI consultant Haroon Choudery pointed out

      Maybe, but that's also a relatively common thing for humans to say, which is one reason LLMs picked it up, and most of the times I've seen it from an LLM, it was used as an intensifier rather than a contradiction like this is. Perhaps we should stop ourselves from taking something as simple as "not just" and jumping to conclusions like bad models do.

      1. Dan 55 Silver badge

        Re: As AI consultant Haroon Choudery pointed out

        Relatively common in certain countries perhaps.

        I'm Kenyan. I Don't Write Like ChatGPT. ChatGPT Writes Like Me.

        There’s a growing community (cult?) of self-proclaimed AI detectives, who have designed and detailed what they consider tells, and armed their followers with a checklist of robotic tells. Does a piece of text use words like ‘furthermore’, ‘moreover’, ‘consequently’, ‘otherwise’ or ‘thusly’? Does it build its arguments using perfectly parallel structures, such as the classic “It is not only X, but also Y”? Does it arrange its key points into neat, logical triplets for maximum rhetorical impact?

        To these detectives of digital inauthenticity, I say: Friend, welcome to a typical Tuesday in a Kenyan classroom, boardroom, or intra-office Teams chat. The very things you identify as the fingerprints of the machine are, in fact, the fossil records of our education.

  6. pip25

    The bills are NOT coming due (yet)

    The current price hikes still do not cover the costs of both training and inference. Those prices would likely kill the entire field overnight. They only help OpenAI et al lose money at a somewhat slower rate than before.

    1. vtcodger Silver badge

      Re: The bills are NOT coming due (yet)

      True if you believe Ed Zitron https://www.wheresyoured.at/ Who should I believe, Zitron or Altman, etc. al? On the whole, to me at least, Zitron seems more credible.

      1. O'Reg Inalsin Silver badge

        Re: The bills are NOT coming due (yet)

        Thanks for that link !

        Generative AI subscriptions are like if Uber charged users $20 a month for 100 rides of any distance under 100 miles, and if gas was $150 a gallon, and Uber paid for the gas because somebody insisted that oil would one day be too cheap to meter.

    2. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: The bills are NOT coming due (yet)

      Not forgetting that "training" covers all the fixes made during the life of a released version as well as the work on the next release.

    3. MachDiamond Silver badge

      Re: The bills are NOT coming due (yet)

      "The current price hikes still do not cover the costs of both training and inference. "

      Many new technologies have an expensive early life as people work out how to do it better/faster/cheaper over time. I never estimate the price of a product based on the first prototype or even production unit I make. The question is whether there is any path towards that better/faster/cheaper that doesn't keep requiring mo machines, mo power and mo cooling. I haven't seen any papers/reporting on that. If it's brute force and MW's all the way, something will snap. All the investors that have been looking to make a load of money fast will get out and put their money on the next thing they think will make them money fast with very little effort. Many bit barns will be left owing the power companies that finally had to turn off the flow and also take back the leads/transformers to use elsewhere as they'll be hurting too.

      I need to go pick up more solar panels this week.

  7. Throg Bronze badge

    This is yet more proof that your C-level executives don't have a clue about what they're doing...

    Sadly in my experience you could probably have stopped that sentence right there.

    1. MachDiamond Silver badge

      "This is yet more proof that your C-level executives don't have a clue about what they're doing..."

      To add a tiny bit of fairness, the can run a business that already has some record in an industry that's been around for some time. There just isn't any historical information on AI, robots, etc to guide decisions so it's down to the promises of the people looking to get funding for their haphazardly researched new enterprise.

  8. cschneid

    Vendor lock-in...

    ...is a feature, from the vendor's point of view.

  9. David Newall

    Say it isn't so

    OpenAI increased the cost for developers using its flagship GPT-5.2 model from $1.25 per input token in the previous GPT-5.1 to $5.75

    maybe per million tokens?

    1. O'Reg Inalsin Silver badge

      Re: Say it isn't so

      True - but what "token" represents in value is impossible to pin down. One reply can be succinct and to the point, the next can go off on a wild turkey chase. On the backend they are twiddling the knobs constantly to try to minimize losses, while staying on par with competitors performance.

  10. James R Grinter

    It never was “just an API migration”

    The kludge that is “Prompt Engineering” (or, as some have later rebranded it, “Context Engineering”), means that there will always be extensive work to be done when you change model.

    Assuming you have even assembled a test suite (aka “evals”), in order to then keep tweaking the prompt until it sort of works again (for some value of “works”).

    It’s as if all of these things are built on a pile of sand.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: It never was “just an API migration”

      You don't even need to change model - a new release can cause behaviour changes that you have to hope your test suites catch.

    2. ecofeco Silver badge

      Re: It never was “just an API migration”

      It's built on quicksand.

    3. MachDiamond Silver badge

      Re: It never was “just an API migration”

      "It’s as if all of these things are built on a pile of sand."

      A swamp, so it can burn down, fall over and sink into the swamp. Maybe the third one will stay up and we'll inherit that.

      1. Zack Mollusc Silver badge

        Re: It never was “just an API migration”

        But I just want to sing!

  11. Wiretrip Bronze badge

    Assuming it isn't actually $5.25 per *token*!

  12. Random as if ! Bronze badge

    LinkedIN is getting interesting

    As there are a LOT of unemployed AI bods, or am I missing some Founder vibe?

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: LinkedIN is getting interesting

      If you need a job nowadays you're going to mention AI .

    2. DS999 Silver badge

      Re: LinkedIN is getting interesting

      Do you see any IT related job seekers who don't mention AI? I would bet that's a guaranteed way to be permanently unemployed as the AIs doing the resume scanning probably bin any resumes that don't mention those two letters.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: LinkedIN is getting interesting

        You probably also get excluded if you don't include the bullshit phrase "Digital Transformation".

  13. Daedalus

    What are the odds....

    ..that all the employees who told their bosses to tell their bosses that this would happen....are the ones who got sacked to free up the budget for AI.

    1. ecofeco Silver badge

      Re: What are the odds....

      Winnable odds is what they are.

  14. Pascal Monett Silver badge
    Thumb Up

    Good news

    So, all this AI shit is finally going to start costing real money. And the companies pushing it will find out the hard way that their "wonderful" product is going to be dropped like a hot potato. And all those ginormous data centers are going to run at a loss and maybe we'll see less of them being built.

    So, cheers all around, eh ?

    Except for the CEOs who thought they had invented Web 4.0.

    Not a great loss.

    1. retiredFool Silver badge

      Re: Good news

      Unfortunately, even if the CEO gets the AX, it is a golden AX worth millions/billions. Certainly large enough to live comfortably for the rest of their life, or start another co and do it all over again. The tens/hundreds of thousands of minions have gotten the don't let the door hit you on the butt on the way out to pay for the AI/golden parachute.

      1. MachDiamond Silver badge

        Re: Good news

        "Unfortunately, even if the CEO gets the AX, it is a golden AX worth millions/billions."

        When my mother is looking at stocks, she does all the investing for the family trust, one of the big things she reviews is executive compensation, if that can be dug out. She won't buy anything if the C-suite is overly compensated or will be able to retire due to a golden parachute. They have to work for a living and have some skin in the game.

        1. M.V. Lipvig Silver badge

          Re: Good news

          So you're 100 percent invested in CDs.

    2. ecofeco Silver badge

      Re: Good news

      Three things:

      First:The largest corporate users also own stock in those AI companies. They will keep goosing that stock it until the pump and dump pays off or they, both the users and vendors, go bankrupt

      Second: Because of the above, don't expect an exodus any time soon if at all: Amazon and Uber are two good example or companies that were losing BILLIONS EVERY YEAR, yet somehow survived. When they by all rights, SHOULD NOT HAVE.

      Third: the farther this goes, the worse it will become because the world has never seen GIGO AND data theft on this scale before. And even after the implosion, short of an ELE, we're stuck with some form of this madness. Look at the current state of the Internet. The dot com bomb didn't filter the good from the bad, we just got more slop from those with enough money to survive. And the few remaining good things have been co-opted and turned into slop.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Good news

        Amazon and Uber had massive early costs, but the business model was clearly sound and they deliver services which actually address a real-world demand.

        How can you claim the same about AI companies? They are basically a gimmick, selling their inference at a loss, and they will at some point need to raise charges to cover the costs and make a profit. This in turn would likely make the charges so high that they will lose a large proportion of their business, which in turn may well make them unviable without further cost increases, etc, until they go bust.

        What am I missing here?

        1. M.V. Lipvig Silver badge

          Re: Good news

          The bit in the middle. There will be a small period of time between price jacking and abandonment when the stock can be pumped and dumped. After that, we'll see the next new thing, quantum optical intelligent randomized data parsing or something.

  15. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Copyright? Hah......nobody knows!

    Quote: "...proprietary training data...."

    Hah....and no mention of exactly who owned the COPYRIGHT on the data in the first place!

    Answer: No one knows.....or if they do know, they won't be telling!

    1. ecofeco Silver badge

      Re: Copyright? Hah......nobody knows!

      Copyright for thee but not for me. Japan and Singapore tell artists to eat shite.

      https://www.privacyworld.blog/2024/03/japans-new-draft-guidelines-on-ai-and-copyright-is-it-really-ok-to-train-ai-using-pirated-materials/

      1. MachDiamond Silver badge

        Re: Copyright? Hah......nobody knows!

        "Copyright for thee but not for me. Japan and Singapore tell artists to eat shite."

        Creative works have a copyright, but factual data does not. In some cases there is a compilation copyright. One of those old fashioned magazines could use a stack of licensed materials and claim a copyright on how they've put it together. A printed phone book can't claim a copyright on the pages of listings. That was until they made stuff up and convinced a judge that it was enough creativity that somebody copying it could be sued.

        I've never had to have an attorney appear in court for a copyright matter. The fines for infringement are so high and the case law so clear that attorneys on the other side tell their clients to work a deal and pay up right away. The arguments the LLM companies are using are fanciful and they are trying to argue "fair use" which doesn't apply and that there's no way to say that something they've used in training is expressed in a similar enough way to be an infringement. If I study a bunch of photography books, I can be influenced by those images and that's the argument that's being put forward for the machines. I don't have to buy those books. I can go to the library or book store and just look at them. It's all rather new and I hope that good case law comes out of it that forces the companies to license the materials they are using for training. To get them by downloading torrents is a huge infringement.

  16. This post has been deleted by its author

  17. O'Reg Inalsin Silver badge

    Recent Frontier AI simulations have all converged on Oct 29 2029

    ... as the date for the AI singularity. Scientists are scrambling to figure out what that means.

    1. Ken Hagan Gold badge

      Re: Recent Frontier AI simulations have all converged on Oct 29 2029

      As long as governments don't bail out the idiots like they did in 2007, the "AI singularity" will be simply "a black hole into which AI fell, never to be seen again".

      Sadly, most governments are still patting themselves on the back over how smart they were back then, albeit with other folks' money.

  18. Pirate Peter

    AI vendos akin to drug pushers?

    they offer you a free or cheap product to get you hooked and dependant the push the price up as you are addicted to AI

  19. trevorde Silver badge

    The Cloud is just someone else's (different) computer

    Went on an Azure/AWS training course many years ago where the instructor was hyping cloud computing as 'generic as electricity'. It was about as generic as a wall socket but with a huge amount of transformers, rectifiers and power conditioners lurking behind. Sure you can change cloud/electricity providers but you'd then have to configure a whole new set of transformers, rectifiers and power conditioners.

  20. This post has been deleted by its author

  21. jlturriff

    The crash is now on the horizon?

    Looks like the burst of the AI-bubble is on its way...

    1. Eric 9001

      Re: The crash is now on the horizon?

      Unfortunately, there has been so much bet on LLM's spontaneously developing intelligence, that there is likely going to be governmental bailouts in response to the bubble exploding.

  22. This post has been deleted by its author

  23. M.V. Lipvig Silver badge

    Munch munch munch

    Popcorn anyone? This has been going according to the expected script, just like a new Avengers movie does.

  24. Random as if ! Bronze badge

    LinkedIN

    AI Migration Expert, as the skills are unknown as are the requirements , and you will pay me a lot as your system burns , as you don't know how to do it, I don't know, so its down to how much insurance you have , which for the first failure will be amazingly cheap, but that's all you need, 1 big job, the exit. (Checks IR35)

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