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back to article NIST contemplated pulling the pin on NTP servers after blackout caused atomic clock drift

A staffer at the USA’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) tried to disable some of its Network Time Protocol infrastructure, after a power outage around Boulder, Colorado, led to errors. As explained in a mailing list post by Jeffrey Sherman, a NIST supervisory physicist who maintains the institute’s atomic …

  1. bazza Silver badge

    From the article:

    This incident therefore shouldn’t trouble the prudent,

    The prudent are a vanishingly rare species. They're never accountants, rarely policy makers, and seldom shareholders. Critical infrastructure is critical no matter how it's funded or how resilient it is, and too often the incautious learn far too late. The only difference between any past disasters and future ones is that our high tech world means we have fewer back up systems. The classic one is chimneys; houses don't have them anymore. In the old days if the mains or gas went off you could always burn something to keep a home warm. Now, you cannot!

    The lunancy of those in financial control is that, at the same time they withold funding from propely beefing up critical infrastructure, they're probably personally diversifying their financial interests, investments, etc. The lunacy is that none of that diversification is worth a damn if the modern technological world suffers a major shock (e.g. a Carrington event) and whole economies evaporate in a puff of high energy protons.

    1. retiredFool Silver badge

      And cal

      wants to ban gas stoves. The thing I used to throw some heat into the house for almost a full week when my utility failed. It was below freezing the entire week, which is odd for TX, and yet happens. I was shuttling big pots of boiling water to the various corners of the house to add a few degrees and keep pipes from freezing. Backups. Important for data and important for basics.

      1. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

        Re: And cal

        "And cal" = california?

      2. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: And cal

        It is dangerous to use gas stoves for providing backup heat. There is a risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.

        https://ota.dc.gov/release/dangers-using-your-stove-home-heating

        1. retiredFool Silver badge

          Re: And cal

          If I were actually heating the house to 65 with a stove, maybe. The stove was keeping me and the house a toasty 45. And stoves burn pretty clean. Very little CO. As evidenced by my CO detectors in the house that did not trigger. The CO detectors run on battery when power is out so still detecting. Now the portable generator I purchased for the next time, those are death traps in terms of CO. They are not particular good engines and produce a great deal of the stuff. That I do not run anywhere close to the house. Nah the bigger problem with doing what I did was NO2. But given the choice between a pipe burst and a little extra NO2 for a week, I'll take the NO2. Desperation is a funny thing.

      3. Billgates@example.com

        Re: And cal

        I’m not sure anyone from Texas, the state that keeps its own dysfunctional power grid around because of political corruption and arrogance, is in any place to tell anyone else how to architect their infrastructure.

    2. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

      Our house has a chimney. Actually three, but they were replaced with a fourth more modern one when the heating got upgraded somewhere round 2010, so only one active...

      1. Gene Cash Silver badge

        Shoot, I'm in friggin' central FLORIDA and my house has a fireplace, as do a majority of medium size houses here.

        I got a yule log 4 years ago and I'm still waiting for it to be cold enough to burn it.

        1. Yet Another Anonymous coward Silver badge

          > I'm in friggin' central FLORIDA and my house has a fireplace, as do a majority of medium size houses here.

          Snorkel ?

    3. MachDiamond Silver badge

      "Critical infrastructure is critical no matter how it's funded or how resilient it is, and too often the incautious learn far too late."

      I'd also go from there to state that anybody working on the service in such a case IS an Emergency Services Worker and should have been allowed to access the site.

      It's core infrastructure that so many things count on that there's no way to count them. This is also a wake up call for a parallel fall-over site located far enough away to be free of a common disaster that takes them both out.

    4. MachDiamond Silver badge

      "The classic one is chimneys; houses don't have them anymore. In the old days if the mains or gas went off you could always burn something to keep a home warm. Now, you cannot!"

      Not only "can't" but more and more they are being banned. If I can find a good deal on a good pot belly stove, I'm making the space for it and there won't be any mention of planning and permits.

  2. b0llchit Silver badge
    Coat

    ...and whole economies evaporate in a puff of high energy protons.

    One can only hope that lightning strikes

  3. JamesTGrant

    Access to the generator, but no access to the room where the plugs and switches for all the gear sit?

    1. Paul Crawford Silver badge

      That was my first thought, why not just stop access to port 123 UDP on the machines until fixed?

      Don't they have GPS as a backup, then direct the ntp daemons to use that, configured as stratum 2 just in case, until the primary reference is up again?

      1. Ayemooth

        "why not just stop access to port 123 UDP on the machines until fixed"

        Or disable the software that listens on that port. But perhaps (one might say "hopefully") there are watchdogs in place to start it again? So stop the watchdogs? Unless it's watchdogs all the way down, I suppose.

        Also, under the current administration, I would be keeping quiet about being a "federal employee actually paid to watch the clocks all day", lest the idiots at the top deem the role unnecessary.

        Jon

        1. DoctorNine Silver badge

          Personally, I am thankful that at least nominally, our cherished, pointy-headed 'elected officials' have an expiration date. There are times when you actually DO need an effective bureaucracy. This imperative seems to have evaded many of those in government, despite all their protestations of patriotism and civic responsibility. I am sympathetic to the notion that things may ballooned out of control in many agencies. Still, a scalpel is a better instrument for that sort of surgery than a chainsaw.

          1. stiine Silver badge
            FAIL

            Yeah, we had one until about 1790. Its been 99% shit as long as I've been alive.,

            1. This post has been deleted by its author

        2. MachDiamond Silver badge

          "I would be keeping quiet about being a "federal employee actually paid to watch the clocks all day", lest the idiots at the top deem the role unnecessary."

          If Elon had got wind of that, the whole department would have been "Doged". People sacked, gear sold and premises transferred to somebody else before judges got back from their weekend.

      2. vogon00

        My thoughts exactly. Far easier to logically disconnect the service with some firewall surgery rather than command an uncontrolled power down.

        I nearly cried 'bullshit' on this, as a power off is a horribly blunt and risky way of doing that! Who does that by choice!?

        Still, if the only tool you have is a hammer, then everything looks like a nail:-)

      3. the spectacularly refined chap Silver badge

        Don't they have GPS as a backup, then direct the ntp daemons to use that, configured as stratum 2 just in case, until the primary reference is up again?

        Be careful, it's turtles all the way down.

        Where do you think the GPS clocks are synced to?

        1. MachDiamond Silver badge

          "Where do you think the GPS clocks are synced to?"

          I think people get confused between time and timing. I have a piece of gear that uses the GPS to give me a very accurate and stable timing signal. It doesn't give me "the time".

    2. Yet Another Anonymous coward Silver badge

      >Access to the generator, but no access to the room where the plugs and switches for all the gear sit?

      Emergency network disconnect = it's just the name of a local Backhoe operator

  4. Bebu sa Ware Silver badge
    IT Angle

    NTP — remind me what the N stands for…

    I would have imagined blocking the ports on the network switches through which the time services communicate with the rest of world might have been do·able remotely. Possibly not by a supervising physicist, perhaps by the local network engineer or BoFH.

    1. Anonymous Coward Silver badge
      Boffin

      Re: NTP — remind me what the N stands for…

      Personally, I would hope that remote admin had been disabled on such infrastructure. Stuff that absolutely mustn't be adjusted has no reason to be remotely adjustable.

  5. Groo The Wanderer - A Canuck Silver badge

    NETWORK time protocol.

    NETWORK.

    That means it is inherently UNRELIABLE.

    1. Phil O'Sophical Silver badge

      Unreliable and Incorrect are not the same thing. Servers may or may not be available (which is why it's a redundant network design), but when they are available they MUST be correct.

    2. munnoch Silver badge

      You've obviously never looked at the output of ntpq.

      Ntp is a very clever piece of software. Its one of the few internet protocols that has pages of mathematics behind it. If you set it up correctly with a handful of upstream sources to choose from the result is perfect time keeping for most practical day to day needs.

  6. zaax

    Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

    I thought Boulder, Colorado got it time from its own atomic clock

    1. richardcox13
      Boffin

      Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

      > Strata 0

      Means you have your own reference time source, not that it is GPS (albeit GPS is a common option).

      Or more explicitly correct: your time source is not another NTP server.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

        > Means you have your own reference time source

        So that could be

        >> its own atomic clock

        yes?

        > not that it is GPS

        You mean like the way that

        >> its own atomic clock

        is not GPS?

        > Or more explicitly correct: your time source is not another NTP server

        Perhaps that could be

        >> its own atomic clock

        which might be looked after by

        >>> Jeffrey Sherman, a NIST supervisory physicist who maintains the institute’s atomic clocks

        1. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

          I feel that you are trying to tell me something ... with a 'relative uncertainty' around 0.0000000000000005 % ... BUT it is just eluding me at the moment' !!!

          If only I could 'Seize' onto the thought or should that be 'Caes' !!! <Roll Eyes>

          :)

        2. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

          GPS satellites contain atomic clocks.

          1. Anonymous Coward
            Anonymous Coward

            Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

            > GPS satellites contain atomic clocks

            But the atomic clock inside a GPS satellite is practically infamous for NOT being located in Boulder, Colarado (at best, it may be, very briefly, above Boulder) and hence not a suitable response to

            >> I thought Boulder, Colorado got it time from its own atomic clock

            (Unless the flat earthers are correct and these "satellites" are just balloons, in which case maybe one is anchored to float above Boulder all day long)

    2. doublelayer Silver badge

      Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

      Yes, but what are you asking? It does get its time from that, and power outages caused a problem with that, which is why they were trying to do something to correct a smallish but nonetheless present error caused by the outages. As the physicist put it: "The atomic ensemble time scale at our Boulder campus has failed due to a prolonged utility power outage."

    3. Apocalypso - a cheery end to the world

      Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

      > I thought Boulder, Colorado got it time from its own atomic clock

      It does. The problem, as far as I understand it, is that the NTP server has lost contact with the master clock - the hydrogen maser mentioned in the linked release. The NTP server(s) have their own "local" atomic clock - but this is "just" a commercial atomic clock so not as accurate. Normally it corrects itself by regularly contacting the master but, being out of contact, it has drifted ever so slightly - 4 microseconds or so.

      1. Anonymous IV
        Facepalm

        Re: Boulder, Colorado, Strata 0?

        I'm surprised that nobody has yet pointed out that Boulder's NTP problems put it between a rock and a hard place...

  7. bob, mon!

    "Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?" - The Chicago Transit Authority

    Subsequently known as "CTA", before settling on "Chicago".

    1. Fruit and Nutcase Silver badge

      Re: "Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?" - The Chicago Transit Authority

      NOW

    2. Fruit and Nutcase Silver badge

      Re: "Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?" - The Chicago Transit Authority

      More odes to NTP power supply by Chicago...

      If I Should Ever Lose You

      Alive Again [after power outage]

      If You Leave Me Now

    3. C R Mudgeon Silver badge

      Re: "Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?" - The Chicago Transit Authority

      25 or 6 to 4. If the atomic timekeeping hadn't failed, we'd be able to pin that down...

  8. DarkwavePunk

    NTP

    NTP is utterly batshit insane. Most people just connect to a server or two or a pool and forget about it. Dive deeper into the protocol and Lovecraftian eldritch horror greets you. I say this as someone who wrote a text adventure using DNS voodoo. NTP is on another level of witchcraft.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: NTP

      Ah, you've done hard time in telecom as I have? Yeah, the guy above who suggests just linking Boulder to a stratum 2 server has never maintained SONET hardware. Lovecraftian indeed.

      1. Paul Crawford Silver badge

        Re: NTP

        Yeah, the guy above who suggests just linking Boulder to a stratum 2 server has never maintained SONET hardware

        If it was me then you misread my post, I said to link it to GPS but set them to report as stratum 2 (not stratum 0 as usual) so you get near-atomic precision (depending on the specifics of the GPS receiver, use of 1pps discipline, etc) but you are not fooling users that you are still on the NIST's primary time source atomic clocks.

    2. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: NTP

      OK, but I am a tad puzzled. NTP has multiple provisions for resilience, from pulling time from multiple sources (any strata) with an automatic quality assessment to even tweaking the RTC so in case of complete outage you're still near actual time, but that's obviously not going to be quite as accurate.

      I cannot believe there's only one stratum 0 source out there - there are more atomic clocks around so why the single source dependency?

      1. stiine Silver badge

        Re: NTP

        There are several stratum 0 clocks, but there's no higher authority than the NIST atomic clock(s). They have peers, also at stratum 0, but those are atomic clocks at other institutions.

        I've been in systems and networking since 1988 and I can't remember this happening.

        1. Alistair
          Windows

          Re: NTP

          I've been in systems and networking since 1988 and I can't remember this happening.

          I'm in much the same boat.

          I've done the "enterprise NTP pool systems" thing. Since we fed a certain Cellular network as well as the systems supporting that,

          1) 3 groups of 5 servers - Set as peer 2 and cross referencing

          2) 4 upstream peer 0 *pools*, plus two GPS sources for drift alignment

          3) within the DC, we *still* had localized battery backups for *at least* 3 of the 5 units in each DC, over and above all of the DC power backups.

          4) and most importantly only 6 people in the org(s) ever had any access to the damn things, just because they were so damn important.

          1. Paul Crawford Silver badge

            Re: NTP

            3) within the DC, we *still* had localized battery backups for *at least* 3 of the 5 units in each DC, over and above all of the DC power backups.

            Ah! Someone who has had to use such things and knows the start-up time to high accuracy far exceeds that of the servers that will boot and call upon it!

            1. Anonymous Coward Silver badge
              Big Brother

              Re: NTP

              But also someone who has experienced UPS faults, hence not all of them using local backup.

              DC power fails, there are servers powered from local UPS. Local UPS fails, there are servers powered from the DC.

              Diversification is useful!

              1. Paul Crawford Silver badge

                Re: NTP

                Would you have been using APC by any chance? We had a whole slew of failures of them and they resulted in less uptime than direct mains (no UPS) by a large margin :(

  9. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

    Please help with with those weird times...

    What is MT? At least the article gives me an UTC time ONCE, so 0200Zulu, however using "AM/PM" with an UTC time is plain weird. And later: 00:15 MT... AM or PM? Is this 00:15 or 12:15 ?

    Please, only the US (i.e. less than 5% population of the world) is using those old imperial time stuff, even the US military avoids it like a plague since life and death depend on it. And NTP itself is UTC 24h anyway...

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: Please help with with those weird times...

      Mountain Time, (but MST or MDT? Or does Boulder eschew daylight savings? Yet another reason to stick with UTC), and for certain, I also can't imagine why Zulu isn't used exclusively in an NTP article of all places.

      1. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge
        Windows

        Re: Please help with with those weird times...

        > MST or MDT

        I think i need to take my first and last alcoholic drink of this year today to handle that level. (Not telling how many between first and last today)

        1. blu3b3rry Silver badge
          Pint

          Re: Please help with with those weird times...

          So long as it is the "correct" amount of alcohol, you'll be fine.

          My employer works exclusively in UTC, thankfully - although "Zulu" was a new one on me.

          1. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

            Re: Please help with with those weird times...

            Powershell (as per iso8601):

            (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString("o")

            2025-12-21T18:59:17.2308088Z

            EDIT: Sorry, there is a very remote possibility of "Culture Problem"...

            (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString("o", [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture)

            2025-12-21T19:07:37.7729501Z

            1. Bitsminer

              [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture

              I think Iain Banks would have liked this reference.

              1. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

                Re: [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture

                Sschorrie, can yo ekschplain tät referenz to mich?

                Edit: Ah, OK, a science fiction writer I have not yet read a book from! Sorry, currently digesting Daniel Suarez "Critical Mass", so he gets on the list :D.

                But I still don't get the reference...

                1. that one in the corner Silver badge

                  Re: [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture

                  In Ian M. banks SF novels (you usually need the 'M' to get the SF as opposed to his weirder stuff) the main interstellar culture calls itself "The Culture". Effectively presided over by giant machine minds called, um, "Minds".

                  (Hey, it could be worse - at least the lead character in any story isn't called "Hiro Protagonist"!)

                2. Bitsminer

                  Re: [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture

                  ...

                  There was nobody of her specific kind within several thousand light years of where she sat, though if there had been they might have said that she was somewhere between being a young woman and one at the very start of middle age.

                  It gets deeper after that.

                  (Iain Banks, Matter, 2008)

                3. Anonymous Coward
                  Anonymous Coward

                  Re: [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture

                  Worth pushing to the top of the list ... read while sober ... it helps !!!

                  :)

            2. Brian Scott

              Re: Please help with with those weird times...

              I may be missing something but this looks like Get-Date returns the date/time as local time which you then convert to universal time.

              Don’t do that. Ever.

              The conversion from local time to UTC isn’t one to one. Many places use daylight savings time so during their transition back to normal has an hour of local time repeated (typically 2am to 3am).

              Hopefully power shell has a way of accessing universal time directly. If not then it’s not fit for serious use.

              1. Anonymous Coward Silver badge
                Boffin

                Re: Please help with with those weird times...

                Local time includes a defined timezone - which in many places will be different for DST, so the mapping can still be one-to-one.

                Weird behaviours around leap-seconds excepted. But anything depending on powershell won't care about the odd second here or there.

              2. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

                Re: Please help with with those weird times...

                It has. Windows OS (not the UI) is remarkably solid on that. But you can use the "FileTime" or "Ticks" as base. "FileTime" recommended though.

                FileTime is 64 bit uint in 100ns increments since 1601-01-01 UTC, which is the actual base in Windows. The OS includes all second corrections, and when I watched the insider release blog four years ago I saw how often they included a "DST definition change" for some countries, and rarer a "leap second". "Ticks" is since year 0.

                Since we are at UTC+1 (for now):

                [datetime]::FromFileTime([uint64]0)

                Montag, 1. Januar 1601 01:00:00

                [datetime]::FromFileTime([uint64]10000000)

                Montag, 1. Januar 1601 01:00:01

                [datetime]::UtcNow

                Montag, 22. Dezember 2025 09:47:44

                [datetime]::UtcNow.ToFileTime()

                134108706910718509

                [datetime]::UtcNow.Ticks

                639019937273204010

                If you in the need of speed, [datetime]::UtcNow.ToFileTime() is the fastest with the highest resolution which makes sense to use. Get-Date is very slow.

          2. Anonymous Coward
            Anonymous Coward

            Re: Please help with with those weird times...

            Oh, Zulu is more entertaining than you think, see previous comment.

            :)

            1. Yet Another Anonymous coward Silver badge

              Re: Please help with with those weird times...

              >Zulu is more entertaining than you think

              Zulus, farsands ov em

  10. Snar

    Meh.

    I have my own GNSS Stratum 1 Primary Reference Time Source with a Rubidium oscillator. Unfortunately I can't justify a Caesium clock as it is primarily used to run my home office NTP wall clock :)

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: Meh.

      That amount of overkill suggests you work for NASA :)

      1. Paul Crawford Silver badge

        Re: Meh.

        Maybe he is this guy?

        http://www.leapsecond.com/nawcc2013/tvb-2013-Extreme-Amateur-Timekeeping.ppt.pdf

        1. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: Meh.

          Of course that presentation had to end with "thanks for your time" :).

    2. MachDiamond Silver badge

      Re: Meh.

      "I have my own GNSS Stratum 1 Primary Reference Time Source with a Rubidium oscillator. "

      Amazing what you can find at aerospace company jumble sales.

      When I was in Los Angeles many years ago, channel 2 (CBS) had one which made it easy to calibrate radio gear to their 55.25mHz carrier as it was spot-on enough for most work.

  11. AustinTX
    Facepalm

    Give "us" an approximation...

    "However at the time of writing – 00:15 MT Dec 21 – NIST’s status page states the Boulder site is experiencing ''Facility outages'' and a ''< 4.8us clock error.'' That’s about four microseconds."

    NOOOOOO, hahahaha. That's about FIVE microseconds!

    1. Jou (Mxyzptlk) Silver badge

      Re: Give "us" an approximation...

      See, I was so irritated by "MT" and UTC with AM/PM that I did no even notice that rounding error... Simon Sharwood is far out of the optimal alcohol level window, and it is not 0.0 ‰ I'd say.

    2. stiine Silver badge

      Re: Give "us" an approximation...

      No, its slightly less than 4.8 microseconds. There is no 'about' about it.

      1. Anonymous Coward Silver badge
        Headmaster

        Re: Give "us" an approximation...

        No, it is less than 4.8 microseconds. There is no 'slightly' about it.

    3. Anonymous Coward Silver badge
      Headmaster

      Re: Give "us" an approximation...

      I must admit that I read that as "less than four point eight microseconds clock error. That's about four microseconds" and thought "huh?"

      I guess the mu symbol (μ) that should be there was too difficult to find and thus it had to be explained, badly.

  12. OllieJones

    The guy who maintains the global time service isn't considered critical?

    Really?

    I guess America is great again, huh?

    Why isn't somebody laying on a helicopter or a snow machine or something to get this guy to the time servers so he can make sure they work correctly?

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: The guy who maintains the global time service isn't considered critical?

      An administration that in a previous lap removed the head of the Dept Energy and cancelled its budget.

      Before it was explained that in addition to preventing patriots rolling coal in their pickups, it was also in charge of all the nuclear weapons - and so them turning the lights off and leaving the doors unlocked might be bad

  13. I am David Jones
    WTF?

    Feel free to call me hard of understanding, but have I got it right? A provider of super accurate time information, when their clocks go a bit out of whack, is relying on some of their servers losing power in order to not provide incorrect time information?

    And those servers have back-up power?

    1. Yet Another Anonymous coward Silver badge

      Obviously you would suspend large blocks of scrap iron from electro-magents above the network switches

      Then if there is a power interruption which might affect the clocks, you can be sure of not transmitting fake news

      1. I am David Jones

        My point was that a sophisticated time system, working as it does by “composing a special statistical average of many clocks”, ought to know if something is wrong and ought to be taking itself offline.

        Maybe I just needed a headline along the lines of “atomic clock drift caused by blackout did not get flagged by the reams of systems that are in place to interpret the outputs of these very big and very complex physical systems”. Not so catchy, I’ll grant you.

  14. original_rwg
    Joke

    What time is it?

    BLUEBOTTLE: What time is it Eccles?

    ECCLES: Hang on, I got it written down on a piece of paper....

  15. John Savard

    What I think is missing

    It's difficult to synchronize clocks to a high level of accuracy at different locations, because it takes time for signals to travel from one location to another. I would suspect, though, that if it's possible to determine that a clock is off by X microseconds, if the system had a command "add X microseconds to your time", then an elaborate workaround to synchronize wouldn't be needed.

    1. I am David Jones

      Re: What I think is missing

      Off by *up to* 4.8us was the status. Not a useable offset.

    2. Paul Crawford Silver badge

      Re: What I think is missing

      It's difficult to synchronize clocks to a high level of accuracy at different locations, because it takes time for signals to travel from one location to another.

      NTP measures the time, but that delay correction is not always great if your network has asymmetric characteristics as ADSL or similar do, or if your packets somehow get routed over different paths. Also typical WAN ping-times are in the several to tens of milliseconds, so 4us is an error a thousand times smaller than the delay you typically see and so largely un-correctable with certainty (even though the average of multiple servers might be good enough, you can't tell if your last-mile connection has any asymmetry that way).

      PTP works on local networks to higher accuracy but needs special network cards & switches that can do accurate time-transfer.

  16. dbCooper

    Not using UTC is bad enough, until you work for a CIO that is fond of using12 A.M. and/or 12 P.M. Reason #201 am glad to be retired.

  17. dbCooper
    Holmes

    12 is not A.M. or P.M.

    Not using UTC is bad enough, until you work for a CIO that is fond of using12 A.M. and/or 12 P.M. Reason #201 am glad to be retired.

    1. Anonymous Coward Silver badge
      Facepalm

      Re: 12 is not A.M. or P.M.

      12 is not A.M or P.M. it is just M - meridiem - meri diem - middle of the day.

      Which makes me question why some people use it to refer to the middle of the night as well.

  18. disgruntled yank

    Boulder

    The adiabatic winds on the eastern slope of the Rockies can be remarkably strong. Boulder County used to have some of the country's strictest regulations for the securing of mobile homes, lest they follow the tumbleweeds.

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