Encoders
Rotary position encoders are probably the most sensitive piece of an EV. It lets the drive electronics know what angle the rotor is at, so that it can apply the correct field to produce maximum torque. Without it, the motor cannot produce much torque at all. If the motor-encoder coupling slips by one degree, or if the electrical shielding is sub-par, it would force the EV into an extremely low power limp mode, if not disable it entirely.
I would guess that encoder issues are probably the second most common EV drivetrain trouble, the first being battery problems. If one of thousands of temperature, current or voltage sensors in the battery is dodgy, it probably also would put the vehicle into limp mode. (Yes, thousands of single-point failure possibilities. That should make any reliability engineer shudder. An 800V battery needs 200 (parallel groups of) cells in series, the voltage and temperature of each needs to be individually monitored. If one goes above 4.2V or below 2V then it is a safety hazard. So voltage sensors are often doubled up for safety, and series cell strings are often doubled up for reliability)