India's caste system is well known. It is arguably also why outsourcing to India is so favourable; for the bottom rungs of society earn comparatively little for their efforts.
I remember watching an documentary (maybe a Keith Floyd thing) on Indian agriculture and spice trading. Producers on the ground, split and many in number; negotiating blindly with middlemen via hand signals passed to each, deliberately other out-of-sight.
No doubt attempting to break the handhold of the middleman and bypassing them will result in "consequences" to the lesser producing family.
And so the cycle of poverty goes on while a few cream off the top. Corruption might be bad here at home but it's bleedin' awful elsewhere.
Another example is the Indian military, where very large proportions of it's officer core come are from Sikhs. I am not informed enough to know if this is a discriminatory recruitment policy that leads to this situation, or a cultural thing of those who are in a place to get an education are placed to take on such professional careers. Possibly elements of both.
If nobody has worked it out yet, the entire world is built upon crapping on your neighbours to get some advantage at the expense of someone else. We might have Art, Mathematics and Science, but we are also a hopelessly selfish species at our core (and only unlimited supply will undo that).