Texas schoolgirl loses case over RFID tag suspension A federal court has ruled against the Texan teenager who was challenging her suspension for refusing to wear an RFID tag, despite objections on religious and privacy grounds. Last November, Andrea Hernandez, 15, was expelled from the John Jay Science and Engineering Academy in San Antonio, Texas after refusing to take part in …
@Paul Crawford: A lot of schools use ID cards to pay for lunches instead of cash. Even my primary schoolers are doing it. Then again they have their own debit cards (accounts and cards controlled by their mom) so the kids are used to the idea of paying with cards. The meal account thing also helps parents track what the kids bought and how much they spend, it can automatically be reloaded with funds, etc. That part's modern convenience.
I have no idea what the ID does for BATHROOM breaks though, do they have card swipe locks on the bathroom doors or something?
Ah, getting the kids ready for a cashless society by training them to be dependent upon little pieces of plastic. Sounds like an excellent training ground to teach the more advanced of them to become hackers by reprogramming their little pieces of plastic. ;-)
As for the bathroom access, I still say that a few mysterious brown piles and yellow puddles would remove that requirement VERY rapidly (although the guys are probably better equipped to create those mysterious yellow puddles more easily; hey, is that a case for discrimination?!?). ;-)
Dave
P.S. I'll get my coat. It's the one with the waterproof pockets and the RFID card duplicator in it.
There is another side to this - bullies stealing lunch money. At many schools this has been an ongoing problem; and by eliminating the need to carry coin, you thwart the bully. And, as the article points out, you get a summary of purchases; which could be used by interested parents to make sure their kids eat healthy meals, as opposed to the sugar laden crap found in so many school lunchroom vending machines.
Fatman: There is another side to this - bullies stealing lunch money. At many schools this has been an ongoing problem; and by eliminating the need to carry coin, you thwart the bully.
This doesn't solve the bully problem - they are simply accommodating it. There will still be bullies, they just won't get other people's lunch money.
Using the RFID instead of cash? Just like chips in Las Vegas, it makes it easier to spend money because it's not money the kids are using. They aren't even using chips that represent money, they are using NOTHING to represent money.
Prepares the kids for deep credit card debt later in life.
OTOH, since these RFID tags deduct money out of an account, can it be argued that the school is acting as a bank without a banking license?
@BillG - Yes, it prepares kids to use cashless cash, it allows them to understand that cash is not just physical, it won't prepare them for credit as they won't be getting credit. Crucially however, it also allows kids not to have their dinner money stolen from them.
It also can't be argued that the school is acting as a bank without a banking license, because they're not acting as a bank. They're not allowing any banking services, they certainly won't be using the word "deposit", you may as well argue that any school where dinner money is paid at the start of the week is a bank.
I have no problem with some sort of electronic ID for paying for meals, but I can't see why she has to ware it all of the time, nor do I see why it should EVER have been something related to visiting the bathroom.
Really, how come for decades we all managed to grow up in schools with little more than a blackboard & chalk for technology? It seems this is a self-serving waste of money attempting to deal with societies ills by walking to an Orwellian nightmare.
"I have no problem with some sort of electronic ID for paying for meals, but I can't see why she has to ware it all of the time, nor do I see why it should EVER have been something related to visiting the bathroom."
The most obvious reason for the bathroom is to keep people who shouldn't be at the school out of the bathrooms. Ex students, drug dealers, creepy old men, Westbo Baptist Church members etc
You carry your ID while out of the classroom. Every person in a public area is required to carry ID. You carry your ID while in the corridors. You need to use the passageways to get to the bathroom.
It's not the bathroom that requires the ID, it's the public area outside where you need ID.
"I have no idea what the ID does for BATHROOM breaks though, do they have card swipe locks on the bathroom doors or something?"
I guess they have RFID checkers in the classroom door, so it won't open unless you have your RFID. It might also serve to track you actually going to the bathroom vs. just skipping out class.
@Irk,
Maybe a number 2 costs more than a #1. Don't know how they could tell the difference with a female though.
How privacy is being ignored by the court is beyond me. Maybe the judge should have their bathrooms breaks announced on the court website. "Please standby, the judge is experiencing technical difficulties."
She would still wear the lanyard with still has her photo ID but not the tracking chip. All students would need to comply with this or it fails to be applied to all students and thus is not considered profiling or some other kind of BS. Fact is, with the state of today's US society, this kind of monitoring in US schools is one way to help ensure students are where they are supposed to be as well as helps with security on school grounds. Maybe they just need to setup camera's on campus everywhere (except locker rooms and showers of course). Even private schools have instances of violence and the number one goal is that everyone...everyone should have a feeling of safety while on campus. If a student does not wish to comply, then they are free to leave and get their education else ware or be home schooled. There are points where the safety/security of the many outweighs the freedoms of the few. You can't accommodate every little want and desire.
New legislation: section 20/23/1847/329-234/ AW
The Government has declared that the population will be micro chipped, DNA sampled and tattoo'd with an identification number.
This is being implemented to protect your freedoms and your rights and to protect the population against as yet unknown threats and dissent. You do not have the right to appeal. You have nothing to fear from your Government if you have nothing to hide.
Failure to comply will result in you being declared a non-citizen entitled to no state facilities.
You cooperation is appreciated.
OUR FUTURE
"The school offered to let her use a lanyard without an RFID tag, ..."
What would be the point of that?
The lanyard holds a photo ID, to prove who she is, and is indeed a member of that school.
If not for that, any bloody kid could come off the street into the school and get free education.
We can't have that now can we?
A "magnet program" is an advanced studies, or special studies, or sport or technology or specialist program. It's a "magnet" program because it draws students from outside the school district.
In this case, if she doesn't want to go to the the school with the RFID tag, she can go back to her local school -- which would probably not be able to exclude her so easily.
It's called Operant Conditioning. Getting her to accept the lanyard represents the actual item so closely that it becomes more socially 'normalised' to wear the genuine article. This is a pretty common group behavioural effect that most advertisers seek to exploit, with great success.
I am wondering just how much this will accelerate and increase the school drop out rate......
The USA leads the educational world with the highest "fuck you and left school" rates, as does it's percentage of population in prison.
Pretty soon the USA will have more people in prison than on the streets.
"Heyyyy instead of sending the kids to school - who have the modern plague of Attention Disorders, we can send them to a state run concentration camp!"
There are two issues being tested:
1. Do I have to wear RFID (no - the school has waved the requirement)
2. Should I have to participate in a very invasive tracking scheme? (currently yes)
Linking religion ("the mark of the beast") to this is spurious, but the issue is the same - it is a system which prevents them literally from "buying or selling (or going to the toilet) without the mark." It isn't just any mark, its a privatised surveillance and access control mark which also monitors purchasing behaviour and it isn't voluntary.
I'm all for tech, but not even the bank I worked for required that sort of "security." Whatever the issues in this case, I'm not sure we should be accustomising children to this sort of thing. If nothing else, it doesn't help to teach them the value of money.
I think we're a bit beyond common sense however. Now its down to the pride of the organisation ("we won't change our system for the benefit of those who take us to court") vs the misguided individual.
I'm all for tech, but not even the bank I worked for required that sort of "security." Whatever the issues in this case, I'm not sure we should be accustomising children to this sort of thing.
I teaches the children to be submissive to authority. Some people think this is a good thing. I think it causes psychological harm. Respect and submission are not the same thing. Respect is earned - submission is enforced.
@p lee
This actually sounds remarkably similar to the security system the bank I work at uses, aside from the purchase issue.
It used to do that, too but it stopped a long time ago. but back then the security was just on the access points. nowadays, since its been made RFID, every door has a security lock on it allowing tracking anywhere in the building.
On the plus side, good old British politeness completely ruins the system for tracking purposes. Everyone is constantly holding doors open for others so most people barely ever actually have to present a card. The only guaranteed time is when crossing from one half of the building to the other where there are gates that, in theory, only allow one person through per swipe. The reality is slightly less clear cut though due to their incredible state of disrepair
You say that linking religion is spurious*, but have you read the judgment? According to the judge, the principal of the school cites only two examples of why this intrusive system is a success:
"Very recently, a parent of a special needs student was concerned that the child did not get on the bus after school and the school staff was able to pull the sensor readings to determine when the student was on campus and when he left, thus reassuring the parent. On another occasion, a building was evacuated and campus administrators were able to quickly identify and locate students' badges that had been left in the building during the evacuation." (pp4-5)
So, this system is wonderful for passing the buck and saying that a student with special needs wasn't on the grounds, but wandering the streets somewhere (very reassuring!), and for finding lost ID cards (not students, note)! Somehow, I don't actually see the value (except for the liability issue).
I think the judge has dropped the ball on this one - none of the arguments actually stack up to create such a need that everyone should be RFID tracked to this extent.
* I have absolutely no time for religious cranks, but the rational side should be better!
A lot of place I know do this, one off the top my head it data centers will implement this to track techies. I guess I don't see how this is much different than standard card reader systems? I haven't read anything in the article or others which suggest some geek with a hardon is watching the whereabouts of all the student. My guess is they card them going in and out of school, and maybe at other various location and once a day the school correlates it to attendance, breaks, etc.
I would have thought that if there were 200 other students who objected to the system, they could merely swap tags whenever they passed each other, or before popping outside for a cigarette (or making a rendezvous with Sid James to place a bet on the horses). What happened to a teacher making a roll-call at the start of each class?
"And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads,"
If the Bible is to be taken strictly literally, how is a lanyard hanging around one's neck the same as one's forehead or right hand?
Agreed, figuratively, it is an _excellent_ match. But the same folk insist again and again that the Bible is to be taken literally, not figuratively.
Devil's advocate (of course)
You have to remember, this is the southern US we're talking about...
According to them, the bible is only to be taken literally when it condones discrimination against other races, women, people with different sexual preferences, etc.
The rest of the time, figuratively is just fine, as long as it can be used to further whatever the cause is. For example, this cause is to be able to skip out of class without being found out (or something)
It's been my observation that people who insist "That the Bible (or the Talmud, or the Quran, or the [insert holy book of What/Whoever somebody worships here], is literally true", usually mean, "Whatever I choose it to mean, and I can prove it by selectively picking random bits from it that can be bent to mean what I want and ignoring the bits that don't, or ever plainly state that I am wrong."
The Human mind is a delightfully peculiar instrument of self deception, (That's why I've never missed mine since I "lost" it.*)
*Of course, it might have simply let me believe that I lost it, but... eh...
A mark would usually be more political or socially apparent. A tag/badge/key for travel and purchasing seems no more than the "tag/key/badge" we use called coins. So I too would guess it's some other type of "mark" people would expect. Such as a political badge (which this rf tag is not from what I can see).
They are putting RFID chips in socks now, and there is talk about using itty bitty ones (0.2mm) at wifi frequencies as a method of inventory tracking.
Plus the chips themselves aren't particularly expensive, there was talk about printing them on a standard inkjet in a controlled humidity environment using multiple organic semiconductor layers for fractions of a penny per 100.
On a side not....this kind of "CHIPPING" for children (those who are truly loved) would be most helpful in the case of a child gone missing or kidnapped. In the US, its not uncommon for these kinds of things happening and is all too often.
People always have a tantrum before understanding the reason or seeing the benefit of something. I find it laughable the number of young americans who don't eat green food. Just a growing/breeding collection of adult children with no sense or reasoning skills and I've lived in the US since the age of 2.
Just look at our recent election results and the poor track record of our president. Even when its right in front of there faces...they choose to ignore the obvious. America keeps moving towards a time when the adult children are dictating how the country is run, but they don't fully understand what it takes. This is why Obama continues to "Campaign" and not be more involved in governing the country. He wants the title, but not the job that comes with it. Would you let your children be responsible for your households daily decisions?
My sentiments exactly.
Now, take your medicine for electing W for two terms.
To me, two terms of W, and his off the books wars amount to someone with a bad case of constipation, and Obama as the medicine needed to flush all of that blocked up shit out the back end. Until it is all out, the US is going to be miserable.
Unfortunately, it will may take until 2016 before we can declare the patient better. A lot depends on how much shit needs to be moved.
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"Just look at our recent election results and the poor track record of our president. Even when its right in front of there faces...they choose to ignore the obvious."
Yes, I am also apalled that so many Republicans were elected/re-elected, given their awful record at breaking the US. Wait, that's what you meant, didn't you?
Oh, and by the way ... you fail at tech as well. RFID has a very limited operation range, so its use for missing/kidnapped children is nil. It also makes the "oh noes mark of teh beast" argument kinda silly, because they can't really track students *outside* school because of this very limitation.
For RFID to actually track people everywhere, you would have to have RFID readers *everywhere*.
"On a side not....this kind of "CHIPPING" for children (those who are truly loved) would be most helpful in the case of a child gone missing or kidnapped."
If they start chipping kids in order to prevent kidnapping, I hope the chips are placed in an obvious and conspicuous location. You know, to prevent the kidnappers from having to do too much exploratory surgery when they dig the chips out with a pocket knife. (Seriously, who thinks that chipping kids would deter kidnapping?)
all this business about «the mark of the beast» is simply so much quasi-religious froth that makes it titillating for people in the US (and no few commentators here on the Reg) to follow.Are authorities to be allowed to track us all in this «not intrusive to the pupil in the slightest» manner - beginning, of course, with the schools and the elderly, as it's so obviously for a «good purpose», i e, their «safety», or are people to be allowed to opt out, after the disadvantages of doing so have been explained to them ? O brave new world, That has such people in't....
Henri
It's just an excuse. Religion is just one way people try to get out of doing things, complying with the general societies expectations or as an excuse for their actions.
Having lived in the US most of my life...I can tell you the red warning flags always appear for me, anytime someone starts touting how religious they are or justifying their actions through their religion. I know for a fact that's my knowing that the Con-game/B.S. will soon follow. Keep in mind that I'm speaking from my own personal life experience and may not be the same for you.
I believe anyone who is truly religious, does not wear it on their sleeve, as it is a personal relationship between themselves and God.
Best wishes for the new year,
> I believe anyone who is truly religious, does not wear it on their sleeve
Religion is about where you place your ultimate loyalty and trust. If this doesn't show up (at least sometimes) in your real-life actions, its probably a not your real religion. Most people put themselves at the top of the loyalty & trust tree, even if they believe that there is a God. They are practical atheists.
Unless you have human eyes watching for tailgating and single-person gates, swipe cards are surprisingly non-useful for normal-hours security. It may be a convenience for the school, but I suspect its mostly PR and having students avoid the scheme destroys that.
Are these the same as the ones who want to track pregnant women to insure they don't abort innocent life? The same ones who want to abort ^Wdeport those without identification?
""We firmly believe that it is our Hell Fire Belief that if we compromise our faith and religious freedom to allow you to track my daughter while she is at school it will condemn us to hell," Hernandez's father wrote in a letter to the court, the San Antonio Express reports."
Yes, she will be condemmed to the hell desk for eternity.
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1. It's highly unlikely that a bulk eraser or powerful electromagnet will do it.
2. I've tried with my Wiercliffe bulk eraser and the RFIDs just laughed at it--mine's the same as this one on eBay: http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Weircliffe-Bulk-Eraser-Model-6-Degausser-Ex-MOD-Army-SAS-Who-Knows-/320778826601 and this eraser is about as powerful as they come in normal circumstances.
3. It stands to reason that a bulk eraser will not work as the RFID's antenna is made of copper wire or such and is very short relative to the wavelength of the eraser's 50/60Hz--which is many hundreds of miles! Erasers are designed to work on ferrous/magnetic materials--copper isn't.
4. To destroy an RFID you need to zap the junction of the transistor(s) that are connected to its antenna. The only easy way to get enough RF (Radio Frequency) energy with sufficient power to do this is with a microwave oven--it has the power and a wavelength short enough to be induced into the RFID's antenna (that's about 10 cm).
5. You could always jam RFIDs from their detecting transmitter by swamping it with a separate local RF source on the same or similar frequency. However, in most jurisdictions this would probably be illegal (transmitting without a licence).
6. You could shield the RFID in a Faraday cage--that's an electrically conductive wrapping such as aluminium foil or metal box. This effectively shorts out the detector's radio waves and stops them getting to the RFID. Also, there are specialised electrically conducting cloths in which ID passes etc. (things that contain RFIDs) could be wrapped but I've not tried them for shielding effectiveness.
RFID operates in unlicensed spectrum, which is why one doesn't require a license to operate the RFID cards and readers themselves. Such as your door access card, contactless credit card or passport.
Jamming may fall foul of other rules and regulations though, such as the FCC rules in the US or the Computer Misuse Act 1990 / Police and Justice Act 2006 (impair operation of a computer or program) in the UK.
Shielding works very effectively. There are foil-lined wallets and passport holders widely available on-line. It would be interesting to consider whether the use of such could be said to fall within the scope of the mentioned or other legislation?
"RFID operates in unlicensed spectrum...."
In most jurisdictions where unlicensed spectrum exists, unlicensed use is only permitted up to a small strictly controlled power limit--100mW to 1W or so depending on service. To ensure effective jamming you may need well above this power limit, thus a license.
But as you say "Jamming may fall foul of other rules and regulations though", so there's the Catch-22--you won't be granted a license. Jamming has a long history and protocols have evolved with it. The ITU radio regulations specifically exist so that there is a peaceful coexistence between radio users and jamming goes against this ethos--hence licenses are unlikely to be granted.
It gets very messy from here. Some jurisdictions have 'secrecy provisions', which means that if you hear/receive a signal you are not allowed to act upon it unless it's meant for you. This leads to complications such as police radar--you may not be allowed to own a radar detector or the ludicrous situation where you allowed to own one but are not allowed to act upon its data--i.e. put your foot upon the brake.
In summary, radio regs are a minefield in almost every jurisdiction.
Assuming they are off the shelf tags, rather than zapping them, buy a whole shedload and program them with duplicate IDs to those in use.
Hide them around the school, stick 'em on other kids, teachers, etc.
Sit back and watch the system collapse.
Hah! Wanna have some fun??? Go to like A Best buy, or my favorites book stores. I have also done record stores as well.... Wait around and look for someone putting the security tags on the merchandise. The the roll of tags, or whatever they are using, and drop them all over the floor sticky side up. The wait for the fun to begin!
Guaranteed Hoot, when every customer is searched at the exit!
I've been in shops where clearly I was setting off all the alarms with a tag somewhere they and I couldn't find, so they kindly advised me how to get out the exit from their shop with the alarm sounding, and which shops in the mall to not go into before I got my stuff home ;)
The judge decided to tell her what her religious beliefs are and are not in order to come to the ruling. In the US judges are not not supposed to do that, they don't have authority to so it this is going to an appeal. If the appeal fails then the respect for ones religion and it's constitutional protections by Governemt will have been nullified in the US. For those who value their freedom from Gov oppression this is one to watch.
Apparently the girl had worn ID badges in the past, and had only complained when the RFID tags were brought in. Given that she's now being given the option to get a badge without the RFID chip, it seems a bit odd that she's still complaining about it. I suppose maybe it took the family a while to work up the courage to take this to court, but then why highlight RFID as the problem, and why wait until this scheme was being brought in to raise the concerns?
About the cash vs casino chips vs plastic cards eroding children's ability to understand the value of money - what a load of crap. Notes and coins are just a way of representing some kind of value. How is it more difficult to understand that I have X amount available to me, when I make a transaction that amount reduces? There must be a way of checking the balance on the cards, and there will be a consequence to not having any stored credit - you can't get food. Exactly the same as cash, just without the annoyance of having to carry cash around, or folk stealing it.
Lastly, I don't have a big problem with kids in a school being tracked inside that school. While they're in school, they're meant to be in certain places at certain times. If they aren't then why not?
But forcing school students to wear an RFID tag or even a lanyard is creepy and intrusive. And what happens if some gawky student gets his lanyard stolen by the local bully in order to put the gawky student out? What happens if the gawky student hates his lanyard, chucks it, and then blames the loss on the local bully that had nothing to do with it?
I can accept that there are schools that may want armed guards or metal detectors, but tracking kids like they are cattle is fascistic.....
> so why's a school any different.
You have to go to school by law (unless you're home-schooled). It's a bit of a non-choice if home schooling isn't an option for you. And they're talking about introducing this RFID malarky to other neighbouring schools from what I gather.
However, for most people, you can choose where you work.
But what about their safety! Shouldn't there be a cop at every door. Metal Detectors as well! I mean, Read all their emails, Daily Locker Searches.....Hay why not install the air port security screeners in all schools! Yes, Police, Detectors, Cameras, Computer Monitoring.....Perhaps they should hire escorts also for every student!
Yes... All in the Name of for the kids! Rights? You have no rights!
She's just enjoying the attention now. The "mark of the beast" was to be implanted in hand or forehead. Not some badge you wear around your neck. She's just being a hyper-religious nutbag, or else just milking the attention.
I can't stand people like this.
If you want to go to a tech school, leave Jesus at home.
Of course, one might not have 666 embossed on the RFID tag, but wouldn't 42 being the tag (it is the answer to everything!) be just the opposite?
In school, one needs answers after all!
I will note that such things as RFID tags on pupils (and teachers!) would not have prevented the tragedy in Connecticut. Please refrain from comments on this part, as it would be way off topic.
A straightforward case of "my power to enforce half baked and mildly creepy controls trumps your liberty." Endorsed by the court, so it must be right. The program is a trivial corollary to intrusive airplane boarding procedures, national email slurping, and public building entry controls. All of them are designed to prevent things that already have occurred or to make it appear that risks are being addressed, irrespective of whether the countermeasure mitigates or even is related to a defined risk or whether the cost and risk are commensurate.
San Antonio officials need to read and be required to report on, Orwell' "1984.'"
The word "gotten" is logically and grammatically incorrect.
Its only acceptable use is as part of the phrase "ill-gotten gains", which is a colloquialism associated with criminals and pirates and is indicative of such people's typical lack of education and literacy. There is no justifiable reason to employ it in any other capacity.
'Got' is already the past tense and past participle of the verb 'to get'.
Tense is something that is taught to all primary school children at an early age. Anyone understanding this basic concept of all languages should realise that it is not necessary to mangle an existing, perfectly-adequate word.
There is no "God" except us - the leaders of your Socialist party.
We are the God you should be praying to for everything you need - food, housing, employment, transportation. We are jealous Gods - we tolerate the worship of no other "Gods" before us. We will take away your means of making choices for yourselves - all you need to do is OBEY US. Immediately. Without question.
We will take away your religion, your guns, your money, your hope for a better future, and YOU WILL SERVE US. No more restaurants, no more automobiles, no more grocery stores where you choose what food to buy. Barter will be punishable by re-education (we don't like to call it "torture"), and will be strictly enforced. You and your children will do what we say, every day of your lives. After death, you will be cremated, and the ashes will be used on our collective farms as fertilizer. Even in death, you will serve the State.
As for the protesters, do the lives of those who do not serve the New Order have any value al all ? No, power must be demonstrated to the ignorant. Examples must be made, to show the ignorant the cost of failing to obey US. With Obama leading the way, we have never been closer to total goverment control of everyone, everywhere. Once religion, guns, private vehicles, and the concept of money have been destroyed, we can rewrite the world IN OUR IMAGE.
YES WE CAN ! YES WE CAN ! YES WE CAN !
[so this is the way freedom dies... not with a bang or a whimper, but to thunderous applause. Be careful what you wish for... you and your children may be stuck with it]
If you actually venture beyond the end of your city limits you might find that most developed countries don't consider "socialist" to be an insult, more a sign of a mature commerce-based society, and pretty normal as part of centrist party names.. Try Germany, Finland or Denmark for a start.
Texas school requires students to wear RFID tracking tags; said school expels student for refusing; student's objections include that the tag is "a mark of the Beast"; court upholds school's right to force students to wear them and expel said student.
Since it was the John Jay Science and Engineering Academy can't they just expel her for her showing a complete lack of scientific and engineering aptitude?
This wasn't a normal school why was she going there if she had such deeply irrational belief system?
"And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads," the King James Bible reads. "And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six."
Nice story, now where is the truth?
Lots of speculations about the bathroom / toilet issues, so as someone who works in education I'll offer some suggestions for "bathroom" tracking:
Toilets are the most common areas for vandalism, bullying, and general socialising - i.e. kids arranging with their mates from different classes to time their toilet trips so they can have a ten minute skive / smoke together.
Other kids bored of lessons ask for toilet trips and go for a general wander around the school, possibly causing disruption on the way.
According to Robert Heinlein, the number is more likely to be " ... 6^6^6.' Six raised to its sixth power, and the result in turn raised to its sixth power. That number is this: 1.03144+ X 10^28 – or written in full: 10,314,424,798,490,535,546,171,949,056 ..." ("The Number of the Beast" - I'm just editing an epub version.)
then I wonder how it'd be any different than this specialized, power-not-included radio transmitter.
It's incidentally capable of being used for tracking in the same way your mobile reports which base stations it's in range of (and their geographic location) to your provider.
I'd be interested to know if she carries one of these condemned tracking devices.
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