Is it hard work being that dense, or does it come naturally?
"How does evolution affect anything? Maths? Physics? Computing? Chemistry? Medicine? Biology? Architecture? Art? Communication?"
Your inability (or unwilling) to understand something is indicative of nothing beyond the fact of you being pathetic. Evolution is what makes biology make sense, so obviously it affects medicine (since organisms are continually evolving resistance to drugs).
Since ideas evolve in a fashion analogous to living organisms, studies on the latter may help us understand the former.
"We are here by chance with no purpose and no responsibilities."
Except, you know, such purposes and responsibilities as we choose for ourselves. Yes, that's hard. It's part of being a grown-up.
"There is no hope for anything beyond what we see and beyond our lifespan."
Yes, indeed; which is precisely why it's so important to make what we've got count: this is everything we've got, and we have to make the most of it.
"Eat drink and be merry, for tomorrow we die. Plus we can have any kind of sex we want."
That's pretty much the size of it, yes. As for the sex, well, it really depends on the other person. They have the final veto, you know.
"A christian worldview would suggest that we were designed with a purpose, we are accountable for what we do, that there is something better beyond this flawed world, that we should avoid the things which cause people damage, that justice and mercy can and will be executed for all to see, that death does not have to be final and god will fix the things that we cannot."
The prospect of an afterlife diminishes respect for this life, which is the only one we get. The idea that God will sort everything out absolves us of responsibilities.
"Now for the hard bit - can anyone spot which worldview is being played out logically in society?"
On the Continent, and especially the parts where they went straight from Roman Catholicism to agnosticism without passing through a reformation, people tend to have great respect for life, thinking it's the only one they will get. Whereas in the über-religious USA, people have little to no respect for life, thinking there is going to be another one anyway so what does it matter if we f**k this one up?
Simple, observable fact: If your kids think you're going to take them to Alton Towers next month, they won't enjoy a visit to Trentham Gardens tomorrow.