This is only one of many proposals being discussed right now
While the Japanese government is in the process of passing new legislation regulating vending machines for alcoholic beverages and tobacco, companies which make and operate these machines are discussing various proposals what to do. This is just one of a number of ideas floating around over here right now.
In my opinion the most likely proposal to be implemented is the proposal where you need a special vending machine chip card for any regulated sales from vending machines. Japanese society is already used to truckloads of different plastic cards to hold all kinds of discount points, every store chain has its own loyalty card and there are special wallets available here which can hold tens to hundreds such cards. Before this background, one more card for buying tobacco (and later on alcoholic beverages) from vending machines would not make much of a difference and thus not pose any inconvenience to the average Japanese consumer. We're already used to this.
For those who don't have a card and want to buy something in a hurry from a vending machine, there are tons of convenience stores on every corner and they operate 24/7, so no big deal, you just have to walk 50 feet more to get your smoke/booze.